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1、北大ceer笔记16StructureMarketequilibriumQuantitytaxandequilibriumTaxincidence（税收分担）Deadweightloss（额外净损失）MarketEquilibriumAmarketisinequilibriumwhentotalquantitydemandedbybuyersequalstotalquantitysuppliedbysellers.MarketEquilibriumpD(p),S(p)q=D(p)Market demandMa
2、rket supplyq=S(p)p*S(p’)D(p’)S(p”);anexcess ofquantitydemanded overquantitysupplied.p”S
3、(p”)MarketEquilibriumpD(p),S(p)q=D(p)Market demandMarket supplyq=S(p)p*D(p”)D(p”)>S(p”);anexcess ofquantitydemanded overquantitysupplied.p”S(p”)Marketpricemustrisetowardsp*.MarketEquilibrium–LinearD&SAttheequilibriumpricep*,D(p*)=S(p*). Thatis,whichgivesand
4、MarketEquilibriumpD(p),S(p)D(p)=a-bpMarket demandMarket supplyS(p)=c+dpMarketEquilibriumCanwecalculatethemarketequilibriumusingtheinversemarketdemandandsupplycurves?Yes,itisthesamecalculation.MarketEquilibriumtheequationoftheinversemarket demandcurve.Andthe
5、equationoftheinversemarket supplycurve.MarketEquilibriumqD-1(q), S-1(q)D-1(q)=(a-q)/bMarketinverse demandS-1(q)=(-c+q)/dp*q*Atequilibrium, D-1(q*)=S-1(q*).MarketinversesupplyMarketEquilibriumandAttheequilibriumquantityq*,D-1(p*)=S-1(p*). Thatis,whichgivesan
6、dMarketEquilibriumqD-1(q), S-1(q)D-1(q)=(a-q)/bMarket demandMarket supplyS-1(q)=(-c+q)/dMarketEquilibriumTwospecialcases:quantitysuppliedisfixed,independentofthemarketprice,andquantitysuppliedisextremelysensitivetothemarketprice.MarketEquilibriumS(p)=c+dp,s
7、od=0andS(p)ºc.pqq*=cMarketquantitysuppliedis fixed,independentofprice.MarketEquilibriumS(p)=c+dp,sod=0andS(p)ºc.pqp*D-1(q)=(a-q)/bMarket demandq*=cMarketquantitysuppliedis fixed,independentofprice.MarketEquilibriumS(p)=c+dp,sod=0andS(p)ºc.pqp*= (a-c)/bD-1(q
8、)=(a-q)/bMarket demandq*=cp*=D-1(q*);thatis, p*=(a-c)/b.Marketquantitysuppliedis fixed,independentofprice.MarketEquilibriumS(p)=c+dp,sod=0andS(p)ºc.pqD-1(q)=(a-q)/bMarket demandq*=cp*=D-1(q*);thatis, p
