最新Great-Britain---History大不列颠历史解析教学讲义ppt.ppt

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1、Great-Britain---History大不列颠历史解析CeltsWhoweretheCelts?EuropeantribesWhendidtheycometoBritain?Between750and100B.C.WhatdidtheycontributetoBritishsociety/culture?BegantradewiththecontinentAncientcivilization,language(Gaelic)RomanOccupation(55B.C–410A.D.)JuliusCae

2、sarandtheRomansinvadedBritainRomaninfluencewasathreattohilldwellers(Celts)inWalesandScotlandRomansbuiltHadrian’sWalltokeepbackrevoltingtribesinScotlandHowdidtheRomansinfluenceBritishsociety?Romanoccupationlastedforalmost350yearsBuiltroads(traderoutes)Languag

3、e(alphabet)NormanConquestWhoweretheNormans?PeoplefromFranceEventuallyreplacedAnglo-Saxonrulers.TheBattleofHastingswasawartodecidewhowouldbeking.Harold,wasfromWessex(Britain)WilliamtheConqueror,wasfromNormandy(France)WhowontheBattleofHastings?In1066,Williamth

4、eConquerorwasthefirstNormankingWilliamintroducedfeudalismtoBritainMagnaCartaMagnaCartawasthefirstdocumentforcedontoanEnglishKingbyagroupofhissubjectsinanattempttolimithispowersbylawandprotecttheirprivilegesWhywastheMagnaCartaimportant?Tooksomepowerawayfromth

5、ekingProtectedtheinterestsofthefeudallordsGrantedtownspeoplefreedomoftradeandself-governmentBeginningofParliamentHowdidParliamentdevelopinBritain?KingcalledmeetingswithhisvassalsAsthemerchantclassgrew,theywantedmorerepresentation1295-“ModelParliament”include

6、d:RepresentativesfromtheupperclassRepresentativesfromthemerchantclassWhyisParliamentimportanttoBritishsociety?LimitsthepoweroftheKingAllowsrepresentationfrommanydifferentsocialclassesTheHundredYears’WarWhofought?FrenchandtheEnglishFightingfinallyendedin1453E

7、nglandwon,buttheBritishrulewaseventuallyreturnedtoFranceWhatweretheeffectsofthiswar?BothFranceandEnglandbegantofocusontheirinternalproblemsTheWarsoftheRosesWhydidtheyfight?TheywantedcontrolofBritainBothfamiliesbelievedtheyhadtherighttocontrolEnglandBy1485,th

8、eWarsoftheRoseswereoverHowdidthesewarsinfluenceBritishhistory?TheoldfeudalbaronskilledoneanotherTheWarsoftheRosesmarkedtheendoffeudalismPavedtheroadforthestrongruleoftheTudorKingsWhofoughtthesew