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1、智课网TOEFL备考资料托福阅读推理题如何选出正确答案一、推理题的标志推理题的题干中一般含有infer,imply,mostlikely,leastlikely,probably等词,分为有共性的推理题和无共性的推理题两大类。二、推理题的做法对于无共性的推理题,也就是题干中无线索的,一般使用排除法,即根据各个选项的关键词回原文定位,通过排除法得出正确答案。对于有共性的推理题,也就是题干中有线索的,可以先圈定题干中的关键词,根据关键词回原文定位,然后进行推理。推理题主要有下列思路:1.一般对比推理ETS设计推理题的手段不多,根据两个事物的对比特征出题是其中之一。问
2、其中一个事物的特征时,只要将与之形成对比的另一个事物的特征否定掉就可以了。例如:Itshouldbeobviousthatcetaceans–whales,porpoises,anddolphins–aremammals.Theybreathethroughlungs,notthroughgills,andgivebirthtoliveyoung.Theirstreamlinedbodies,theabsenceofhindlegs,andthepresenceofaflukeandblowholecannotdisguisetheiraffinitieswit
3、hland-dwellingmammals.However,unlikethecasesofseaottersandpinnipeds(seals,sealions,andwalruseswhoselimbsarefunctionalbothonlandandatsea),itisnoteasytoenvisionwhatthefirstwhaleslookedlike.2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromparagraph1aboutearlyseaotters?&<61;Itisnotdifficulttoimagin
4、ewhattheylookedlike.&<61;Thereweregreatnumbersofthem.&<61;Theylivedintheseaonly.&<61;Theydidnotleavemanyfossilremains.根据关键词seaotters定位第四句:However,unlikethecasesofseaottersandpinnipeds…,由原文的unlike可知seaotters和pinnipeds两种动物与whales形成对比,而且很难想象原始的whales的样子;根据“一般对比推理”思路,可以推出“原始的seaotters的样子
5、不难想象”。第一个选项表达了此意,为正确答案。2.时间对比推理这种思路常被考到。在这种推理中,一般有两个形成对比的时间段,它们所具有的特征一般相反。当题干问一个时间段的特征时,只要将与之相反的时间段的特征否定掉就可以了。例一:BasictoanyunderstandingofCanadainthe20yearsaftertheSecondWorldWaristhecountry’simpressivepopulationgrowth….…ItappearedthatCanadawasoncemorefallinginstepwiththetrendtowards
6、mallerfamiliesthathadoccurredallthroughtheWesternworldsincethetimeoftheIndustrialRevolution.…ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforetheIndustrialRevolution(A)familieswerelarger.(B)populationstatisticswereunreliable.(C)thepopulationgrewsteadily.(D)economicconditionswerebad.工业革命之后与工业革命
7、之前两个时间形成对比。既然工业革命之后西方世界的家庭变小了,那么工业革命之前的家庭一定比较大。因此(A)为正确答案。例二:Accustomedthoughwearetospeakingofthefilmsmadebefore1927as“silent”,thefilmhasneverbeen,inthefullsenseoftheword,silent.Fromtheverybeginning,musicwasregardedasanindispensableaccompaniment;whentheLumierefilmswereshownatthefirst
8、publicfilmex