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1、个人收集整理勿做商业用途不同大豆品种加工北豆腐的适用性研究收稿日期:2010-05-19基金项目:吉林省农科院引进人才启动基金资助项目(00105);吉林省人力资源厅项目(00401)。作者简介:刘香英(1981-),女,硕士,研究实习员,现主要从事大豆加工方面的研究。通讯作者:康立宁,博士,副研究员,E-mail:lnkang@sina.com。刘香英,康立宁*,田志刚,南喜平,代永刚(吉林省农业科学院农产品加工研究中心,长春 130033)摘要选用来自黑龙江、吉林、辽宁及内蒙古自治区的31个大豆栽培品种,进行北豆腐加工。对大豆品种原料理化指标、豆腐
2、得率和质构特性指标进行测定、分析,并对不同大豆品种的豆腐加工适用性进行评价。结果表明:不同大豆品种间的蛋白质、脂肪、植酸及大豆球蛋白11S和7S含量有着较大差别,引起不同大豆品种制作北豆腐的得率的差别。大豆品种籽粒品质与豆腐品质指标之间的相关性表明:脂肪含量与蛋白含量、干豆腐得率与保水性、硬度与粘聚性、硬度与回复性、硬度与黏附性、表观弹性率与保水性、11S与7S、表观破断应力与保水性、11S与弹性等呈极显著或显著负相关;硬度与咀嚼度、弹性与咀嚼度、粘聚性与回复性、粘聚性与黏附性、咀嚼度与表观弹性率、回复性与黏附性、硬度与表观弹性率、蛋白质与干豆腐得率以
3、及植酸与表观弹性率等均呈极显著或显著正相关。就所选取的31个大豆品种而言,黑河49、铁丰37、东农48、辽豆21、合丰43、垦丰17、哈北46和蒙豆16更适合于北豆腐加工。关键词大豆品种;豆腐凝胶;质构特性;相关性AdaptabilityofDifferent SoybeanVarietiestoBei-TofuProcessingLIUXiang-Ying,KANGLi-Ning*, TIAN Zhi-Gang,NANXi-Ping ,andDAIYong-Gang (Center ofAgro-FoodTechnology,JilinAcademy
4、ofAgricultural Sciences,Changchun130033)Abstract:Theadaptabilityofdifferent soybeanvarietiestoBei-Tofuprocessingwasstudied by thedataanalysisof31soybeancultivarsfromHeilongjiang, Jilin ,Liaoningand InnerMongolia. Physicalandchemicalindicators oftherawsoybean,tofuyieldand texture
5、characteristicswere measuredand analyzed, andthenevaluatedtheadaptability of differentsoybeanvarieties toBei-Tofuprocessing.Theresults showedthatthere werethesignificantdifferencesofsoybeanprotein, fat,phyticacidand11Sand7Sglobulincontentamongdifferentsoybean cultivars. Andgive
6、risetothedifference oftheBei-tofuyieldamangdifferentsoybean varieties.Thecorrelationanalysisillustratedthatthemostsignificantlypositiveorsignificantlypositivecorrelationwereexistedbetweenhardnessandchewiness,elasticityandchewiness,cohesivenessandrecoverability,cohesivenessandadh
7、esion,chewiness andapparent elasticity,recoverabilityand adhesion, hardnessandapparentelasticity, proteinandyieldofdry tofu,phyticacid andapparent elasticity.Buttherewerethe mostsignificantly negativeorsignificantlynegativecorrelationbetweenoiland protein, dried tofuyieldandwate
8、rretainingproperty, hardnessandcohesiveness, ha