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《英语的否定句.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、肯定句变否定句1.简单句中含有系动词be、情态动词和助动词时,变否定句时需在系动词be、情态动词和助动词后加not。如:Iamateacher.→Iamnotateacher.Hecanhelpme.→Hecan'thelpme.2.简单句中谓语动词为行为动词时,要根据时态选用do的相应形式,把肯定句变为否定句。如:Thelittlegirlwantstogothere.→Thelittlegirldoesn'twanttogothere.Hedidhisworkyesterday.→Hedidn'tdohisworkyesterd
2、ay.3.祈使句变否定句时,一般在句首加Don't,但Letus或Let's开头的祈使句在Letus或Let's后加not即可。如:Putthemoverthere.→Don'tputthemoverthere.Letusgohome.→Letusnotgohome.4.主从复合句中,主句是Ithink,Ibelieve等结构,变否定句时,形式上否定主句,实际上否定从句。如:Idon'tthinkchickenscanswim.我认为鸡不会游泳。5.“hadbetter+动词原形”,变否定句时为“hadbetternot+动词原形”。
3、如:You'dbettergotoschool.→You'dbetternotgotoschool.6.动词不定式变否定式时,常在不定式to前加not。如:Theteachertellsmetodoit.→Theteachertellsmenottodoit.7.使役动词和感官动词(make,let,hear,see,watch等)后接省略to的不定式,此种不定式变否定句时只需在省略to的动词原形前加not。如:Isawherwork.→Isawhernotwork.8.特殊形式的否定句,有以下几种:(1)肯定句含有every-的合
4、成词时,变否定句时改为no-。如:Everythingisready.→Nothingisready.(2)肯定句中含有always,usually和ever时,变否定句时改为never。如:Heisalwayslateforschool.→Heisneverlateforschool.(3)肯定句含有many,much时,变否定句时分别改为few,little。如:Manystudentsknowhim.→Fewstudentsknowhim.(4)肯定句中含有still时,变否定句时应改为nolonger。如:Tomisstil
5、linbed.→Tomisnolongerinbed.(5)肯定句含有both,both...and,all时,变否定句时应改为never,neither...nor,none。如:Bothofusarestudents.→Neitherofusisastudent.(6)肯定句含有nearly,almost时,变否定句时应改为hardly。如:Lilynearlyknowshim.→Lilyhardlyknowshim.(7)肯定句含有“形容词+enough”时,变为否定句时应改为“too+形容词的反义词”。如:Heisshort
6、enoughtoreachit.Heistootalltoreachit.(1)谓语动词是be,have(有)或谓语含有助动词、情态动词时,直接在这些词后加上否定词not。如:Shecanswim.Shecan'tswim.(2)谓语动词是行为动词时,要在该动词前加上do/does/didnot,该词恢复原形。如:Hegetsupearly.Hedoesn'tgetupearly.(3)既要否定谓语动词,又要变换句中的单词。如:Hecanreadandwrite.Hecan'treadorwrite.(4)用含否定意义的词或词组取
7、代肯定句中的某些词或词组。如:IknowbothEnglishandChi-nese.IknowneitherEnglishnorChinese.类似的有:ever/alwaysnever,somebodynobody,somethingnothing,everybodynoone,almosthardly2.祈使句的肯定式变否定式(1)一般在动词前加上don't。如:Openthewindow.Don'topenthewindow.(2)含有“Let's...”的祈使句,一般用“Let'snot...”的形式,美国人偶尔也
8、用“Don'tlet's...”这一形式。加强语气时使用“Let'sdon't...”这一形式。如:Let'sgothere.Let'snotgothere.3.复合句的肯定式变否定式一般将
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