Chapter 9 Management Information Systems 工业工程专业英语 教学课件.ppt

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1、Chapter9ManagementInformationSystemsManagershavealwaysusedinformationtoperformtheirtasks,sothesubjectofmanagementinformationisnothingnew.Whatisnewistheeasewithwhichaccurateandcurrentinformationcanbeobtainedandcommunicated.Theinnovationthatmakesthiscapabilitypossiblei

2、scomputers.ThefirstapplicationofcomputersasaninformationsystemwascalledtheManagementInformationSystem(MIS).Unit1IntroductiontoManagementInformationSystemsDefinitionofManagementInformationSystemsManagementinformationsystemscanbedefinedasacombinationofcomputersandpeopl

3、ethatareusedtoprovideinformationtoaidmakingdecisionsandmanagingafirm.Themanagementinformationsystem(MIS)isoneofthemajorcomputer-basedinformationsystems.Itspurposeistomeetthegeneralinformationneedsofallthemanagersinthefirmorinsomeorganizationalsubdivisionofthefirm.The

4、MISprovidesinformationtousersintheformofreportsandoutputsfromsimulationsbymathematicalmodels.Thereportandmodeloutputcanbeprovidedinatabularorgraphicform.EssentialComponentsofMISNamely,therearethreeessentialcomponentsfortheMIS.Theyaremanagement,informationandsystems.W

5、hat’smanagement?Traditionally,theterm"management"referstotheactivities(andoftenthegroupofpeople)involvedinthefourgeneralfunctions:planning,organizing,leadingandcontrollingoflimitedresources.Managementisthecreativeproblemsolving.Thiscreativeproblemsolvingisaccomplishe

6、dthroughfourfunctionsofmanagement.Theintendedresultistheuseofanorganization'sresourcesinawaythataccomplishesitsmissionandobjectives.Notethatthefourfunctionsrecurthroughouttheorganizationandarehighlyintegrated.Organizingisdividedintoorganizingandstaffingsothattheimpor

7、tanceofstaffinginsmallbusinessesreceivesemphasisalongsideorganizing.Inthemanagementliterature,directingandleadingareusedinterchangeably.[40]Planningistheongoingprocessofdevelopingthebusiness’missionandobjectivesandofdetermininghowtheywillbeaccomplished.Planningalsoin

8、cludesthebroadestviewoftheorganization,e.g.,itsmission,andthenarrowest,e.g.,atacticforaccomplishingaspecificgoal.Organizingistoesta