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1、TheindustrialrevolutionreferstothemechanizationofindustryandththeconsequentchangesinsocialandeconomicorganizationinBritaininthelate18thandearly19centuries.Britainwasthefirstcountrytoindustrialize.TheindustrialrevolutionAperiodinthelate18thandearly19thcenturieswhenmajorchangesinagriculture,manufact
2、uring,production,andtransportationhadaprofoundeffectonthesocioeconomicandculturalconditionsinBritain.TheIndustrialRevolution,wasaperiodofunprecedentedtechnological,economicandsocialchangethatcompletelytransformedBritishculturefromalargelyrural,staticsocietywithlimitedproductionanddivisionoflabouri
3、ntotheworld'sfirstmodernindustrialsociety.theBlackDeathItwasthedeadlybubonicplaguewhospreadthroughEuropeinthe14thcentury.ItsweptthroughEnglandwithoutwarningandanycure,andsparingnovictims.Itkilledbetweenhalfandone-thirdofthepopulationofEngland.Thus,muchlandwasleftuntendedandlaborwasshort.Itcausedfa
4、r-reachingeconomicconsequences.TheBlackDeath----Itwasoneofthedeadliestpandemicsinhumanhistory,peakinginEuropebetween1348and1350.ItiswidelythoughttohavebeenanoutbreakofbubonicplaguecausedbythebacteriumYersiniapestisisandhavestartedinCentralAsia.Itcamewithoutwarning,andwithoutanycue.TheBlackDeathise
5、stimatedtohavekilled30%to60%ofEurope'spopulationandhadprofoundeffectsonthecourseofEuropeanhistory.InEngland,itkilledalmosthalfofthetotalpopulation,causingfar-reachingeconomicconsequences.theProgressiveMovementTheProgressiveMovementisamovementdemandinggovernmentregulationoftheeconomyandsocialcondit
6、ions.Itspreadquicklywiththesupportoflargenumbersofpeopleacrossthecountry.Itwasnotanorganizedcampaignwithclearlydefinedgoals.(Rather,itwasanumberofdiverseeffortsatpolitical,social,andeconomicreforms.Inspiteoflimitationsofthemovement,itbroughtaboutchangesandimprovementinmanyfields.)RomanBritainwasth
7、epartoftheislandofGreatBritaincontrolledbytheRomanEmpirebetweenAD43andabout410.BritanniaalreadyhadculturalandeconomiclinkswithContinentalEurope,buttheinvadersintroducednewdevelopmentsinagriculture,urbanisation,in
