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1、北大方正项目管理课程资料（英语版）1Understandinghumanbehaviorisfundamentaltounderstandinghoworganizationsfunction,whetherareprofit-makingfirms,non-profitenterprises,orgovernmentagencies.Understandinghumanbehaviorisalsothefundamentaltounderstandinghowpersonact----game.Wewillm
2、ainlyfocusonREMM.REMMResourceful,Evaluative,MaximizingModelPostulates1--4Postulate1Everyindividualcares,heorsheisanevaluator.1)Theindividualcaresaboutalmosteverything,knowledge,independent,etc2)REMMisalwayswillingtomaketradeoffsandsubstitutions.3)Individualp
3、referencesaretransitive.Postulate2Eachindividual’swantsareunlimited1)IfwedesignatethosethingsthatREMMvaluespositivelyasGOODS,thenheorsheprefersmoregoodstoless,GOODScanbeanythingfromartobjectstoethicalnorms.2)REMMcannotbesatiated.Heorshealwayswantsmoreofsomet
4、hings,materialgoods/intangiblegoodsPostulate3Eachindividualisamaximizer:Heorsheactssoastoenjoythehighestlevelofvaluepossible.Individualsarealwaysconstrainedinsatisfyingtheirwants--wealth,time,physicallawsofnature,limitsoftheirownknowledgeaboutvariousgoodsand
5、opportunities,etccanbetheconstrains----opportunityset----begivenandexternal.Postulate4Theindividualisresourceful:Individualsarecreative.Theyareabletoconceiveofchangeintheirenvironment,foreseetheconsequencesthereof,andrespondbycreatingnewopportunities----thel
6、imitationisisnotimmutable.Humanbeingsarenotonlycapableoflearningnewopportunity,theyalsoengageinresourceful,creativeactivitiesthatexpandtheiropportunitiesinvariousways.REMMsatwork:Thinkabouttheeffectsofnewlyimposedconstrainstohumanbehavior.REMMs’responsetoane
7、wconstrainsistobeginsearchingforsubstitutesforwhatisnowconstrained,asearchthatisnotrestrictedtoexistingalternatives.Theywillinventalternativesthatdidnotpreviouslyexist.Examples…...REMMmeansthereareno“needs”----individualisalwayswillingtomaketradeoffs,willing
8、tosubstitute---willingtogiveupasufficientsmallamountofanygoodforsufficientlargeamountofothergoods(inhisorherownsense).Therearenoneed,thereonlywants,desires.demands.Ifsomethingismorecostly,lesswi
