电磁场数值计算(基本原理)概要教案资料.ppt

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1、电磁场数值计算(基本原理)概要Charles-AugustindeCoulomb(1736-1806)库仑7/28/20212华北电力大学（北京）－电力工程系－高电压与电磁兼容研究所Charles-AugustindeCoulomb(1736-1806),amilitarycivilengineer,retiredfromtheFrencharmybecauseofillhealthafteryearsintheWestIndies.ForcedfromParisbythedisturbancesoftherevo

2、lution,hebeganworkingathisfamilyestateanddiscoveredthatthetorsioncharacteristicsoflongfibersmadethemidealforthesensitivemeasurementofmagneticandelectricforces.HewasfamiliarwithNewton'sinverse-squarelawandintheperiod1785-1791hesucceededinshowingthatelectrostati

3、cforcesobeythesamerule.7/28/20213华北电力大学（北京）－电力工程系－高电压与电磁兼容研究所André-MarieAmpère(1775-1836)安培7/28/20214华北电力大学（北京）－电力工程系－高电压与电磁兼容研究所André-MarieAmpère(1775-1836)wasachildprodigywhoseearlylifewasmarredbytragedy:Ampère'sfatherwasbeheadedinhispresenceduringtheRevolut

4、ionand,later,hiswifediedfouryearsaftertheirmarriage.Asascientist,Ampèrehadflashesofinspirationwhichhewouldpursuetotheirconclusion.WhenhelearnedofØrsted'sdiscoveryin1820thatamagneticneedleisdeflectedbyavaryingnearbycurrent,hepreparedwithinaweekthefirstofseveral

5、papersonthetheoryofthisphenomenon,formulatingthelawofelectromagnetism(Ampère'slaw)thatdescribesmathematicallythemagneticforcebetweentwocircuits.7/28/20215华北电力大学（北京）－电力工程系－高电压与电磁兼容研究所MichaelFaraday(1791-1867)法拉第7/28/20216华北电力大学（北京）－电力工程系－高电压与电磁兼容研究所MichaelFarad

6、ay(1791-1867)wasborninavillagenearLondon.Hisfatherwasamigrantblacksmithoftenillandincapableofprovidingforhisfourchildren.Faraday'sgreatopportunitycamewhenhewasofferedatickettoattendchemicallecturesbySirHumphreyDavyinLondon.Faradaywentandsentaboundcopyofhisnote

7、stoDavyaskingforemployment.FaradaybeganasDavy'slaboratoryassistant.IthasbeensaidthatFaradaywasDavy'sgreatestdiscovery.Faradaybecamethegreatestexperimentalistinelectricityandmagnetismofthe19thcentury.Heproducedanapparatusthatwasthefirstelectricmotorandin1831hes

8、ucceededinshowingthatamagnetcouldinduceelectricity.QueenVictoriarewardedhislifetimeofachievementbygrantinghimtheuseofahouseatHamptonCourtandaknighthood.Faradayacceptedthecottagebut