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1、Unit4GrammarTheAttributiveClauseTheman_________________isLiuxiang.whoranthefastestLiuxiangistheman________________.whoranthefastest刘翔ThemanisLiuxiang.Liuxiangranthefastest.aboy,hasascar,foreheadHarryPorterisaboy_________________________________.who/thathasascaronhisfo
2、reheadTheboyisHarryPorter.HarryPorterhasascaronhisforehead.Beckhamisafootballplayer.Heishandsome.Beckhamisafootballplayer,_______________.whoishandsomeBeckham,___________________ishandsomeWhoisafootballplayerChangzhouisacity________________________.Changzhouacitydevel
3、opfastwhich/thatdevelopsfastThecity____________________________________________________isBeijing.Beijingisthecity____________________________________________________whichthathostedthe2008OlympicGamesThecityhost(举办)2oo8OlympicGamesBeijingwhichthathostedthe2008Olympic
4、Games在复合句中,修饰某一名词或者代词用作定语的句子就叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词,叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫做________或_________。引导定语从句的关联词有:定语从句关系代词:who,whomwhose,which,that关系副词:when,where,why“关系代词”“关系副词”定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰的成分之后。e.g.Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.先行词定语从句Doyouknowthedoctor?Hespokejustnow.Doyouknow
5、thedoctorwhospokejustnow?现在我们将常用的关系代词的指代功能和在句子中的句法功能总结如下:☆关系代词和关系副词有三大作用,即连接(连接定语从句和主句)、替代(替代前面的先行词)、成分(在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分)。在从句中的作用指代功能Heisthestudent__________youwanttosee.关系代词that,which,whom在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略,有介词的时候不用that。(whom,who,that)定语从句三步:第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从
6、句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或定语)第三选择合适的关系词关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.和我谈话的那个人,是我们的老师。2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.我对他点头的那个男人是李先生。当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人时一般用who,不用that。e.g.Thosewhowanttogototh
7、ecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.3.which指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder(which)heisusingismadeinJapan.这些是去年种植的树。这个他正在使用的录音机是日本产的。4.that指人/物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heis
8、theman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that/who/whom)Itoldyouabout.5.whose在定从中作定语,表所属关系,翻译为“他的/她的/它的”,用来代替his,her,their,its.whos