英文医学课件：5 血液系统.ppt

《英文医学课件：5 血液系统.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、Chapter36Drugsactingonthebloodandblood-formingorgansDrugsaffectingthebloodandblood-formingorgansAnticoagulantdrugsAntiplateletdrugsThrombolyticdrugsDrugsfortreatmentofbleedingDrugsfortreatmentofanemiaHematopoieticgrowthagentsDrugsfortreatmentofhypovolemiaCoagulation-bleed

2、ingBloodcellgrowthBloodvolumeHeparin肝素Lowmolecularweightheparin低分子肝素Coumarins香豆素类warfarin华法林dicoumarol双香豆素acenocoumarol醋硝香豆素A.AnticoagulantdrugsThrombosis:injuryinvitalorgansCoumarinsStageIStageIIStageIIIA.AnticoagulantdrugsHeparin肝素A.Anticoagulantdrugs1.Pharmacologicalef

3、fects(1)AnticoagulationIncreasingtheactivityofATIII:TheATIIIinhibitingtheactivityoftheactivatedXIIa,XI,Xa,IXa,Ⅶa,IIa,etc.Rapidandshort(2~4h)Effectivebothinvitroandinvivo(2)Anti–atherosclerosisbloodlipidsprotectingendothelialcellsinhibitingthehypertrophyofsmoothmusclecell

4、s(3)Othereffects:Antiinflammatory,antioxydanteffects,etc.EffectofheparinA.Anticoagulantdrugs2.Clinicaluses(1)Thrombosis:pulmonaryemboli,deepveinthrombosis,cardiacinfraction,etc.(2)Cardiacischemia:high-riskpatients(3)Preventionofcoagulationinvitro:cardiovascularsurgery,hem

5、odialysis,cardiaccanula,etc.(4)Disseminstedintravascularcoagulation(DIC):earlyuse.A.Anticoagulantdrugs3.Adverseeffects(1)Bleeding(athigherdoses)Protamineistheinhibitorofheparin.1mg(protamine鱼精蛋白)=100U(heparin)(2)Thrombocytopenia(血小板减少):warfarinshouldbesubstitutediftheplat

6、eletcountfalls(3)Others:allergy,localnecrosis,long-termuse:alpecia(脱发),osteoporosis(骨质疏松),etc.A.AnticoagulantdrugsLowmolecularweightheparinMeanMW=1～12kDFeatures:StrongereffectsonXa,XIIathanonIIaStrongeranticoagulantsLongerhalf-lifeWeakbleedingeffectsA.AnticoagulantdrugsWa

7、rfarin华法林A.Anticoagulantdrugs1.Pharmacologicaleffects(1)Mechanismsofaction:antagonizingvitamineK,inhibitingofcarboxylationoftheglutamicacidresiduesofthefactorsII,VII,IX,X,andinducingtheactivatedII,VII,IX,X(2)Properties:slowlyandlongerduration:effectappearsafterp.o.1~3day

8、s,andlastsfor4dayseffectiveonlyinvivoSitesofwarfarinactionA.Anticoagulantdrugs2.ClinicalusesAnti