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1、it用法it用作主语it指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人Whatisthis?--Itisabook.Someoneisatthedoor.--Whoisit?Hernewbabyistiny.Itonlyweighs2kilos.it作形式主语,代替不定式、动名词或从句,使原来的这些主语可以放在句子后面,避免句子头重脚轻。1.it代替不定式作主语Itcostme$25tobuythedictionary.IsitnecessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?It'sa
2、goodideatohavealittlenotebookhandby.注意:有时不定式前面有一个for引起的短语,表示不定式逻辑上的主语,用it作形式主语时,构成下面句型Itis+adj.+forsb.+todo此句型中的形容词为静态形容词,即描写人或物的静态特征的形容词,用来表示客观情况。这样形容词有:easy,difficult,important,hard,necessary,essencial,impossible,dangerous,common,unusual,big,small,tall,long
3、,short,wide,old,young,beautiful等ItisverydifficutformetolearnSpanish.Itisgettinghardereverydayforapoormantogetaliving.注意:有时不定式前面有一个of引起的短语,表示不定式逻辑上的主语,用it作形式主语时,构成下面句型:Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todo此句型中的形容词为动态形容词,即指那些有动作含义的词,或为描写人或物的特征或品质的形容词,这样的形容词有:bold,brave,busy,car
4、eful,careless,clever,considerate,cruel,foolish,friendly,generous,good,honest,kind,lazy,nice,noisy,polite,rude,reasonable,selfish,shy,silly,stupid,thoughtful,wicked等Itwasgenerousofyoutocontributesomuch.Itwascarelessofhertoloseherkeyofthesafe.2.it代替动名词作形式主语,而作主
5、语的动名词常放在表语后,在此句型中的表语有下列名词和形容词:nogood,nouse,awasteoftime,fun,hardwork,pity,awonder,dangerous,difficult,senseless,useless,foolish,nice,hard,interesting,worth,worthwhile,terrible,tiring,funnyIt’snousestudyingforanexamatthelastminute.Itisdifficultfindingyourwayar
6、oundhere.3.it代替从句作主语,有以下四个常见句型1)It+be+adj.+that从句这样的adj通常有:possible/probable/likely很可能impossible/unlikely不可能obvious显而易见certain很肯定plain很明显true真的clear很清楚fortunate幸运的是Itwasquiteplainthatshedidn'twanttocome.Howisitpossiblethatamancanfallsolow?注意:当形容词为下列形容词时,从句可用虚
7、拟语气,为(should+)动词原形advisable适当的,合理地better较好的preferable优越的,较好的essential必要的important重要的insistent坚持的natural自然的necessary必要的desirable理想的urgent紧迫的unfair不公平的Itisunfairthatsomanypeopleshouldlosetheirjobs.Itisessentialthatyou(should)winthevoters'hearts.Itisimportanttha
8、tthismissionnotfail.2)it+be+n.+that从句commonknowledge常识anhonour非常荣幸ashame可耻awonder是个奇迹nowonder不足为奇afact事实goodnews好消息apity遗憾aquestion问题Itisawonderthatheisstillailve.Itisstillaquestionwhenwe