MHC(主要组织相容性复合体)ppt课件.ppt

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1、Majorhistocompatibilitycomplex(MHC)OutlineofLectureDiscovery&conceptsofMHCStructure&propertiesofMHCGenesStructure&propertiesofMHCMoleculesPeptide-MHCInteractionFunctionsofMHCMoleculesHLA&clinicmedicineRejectionresponse1930-1940GorerSnellAgswhichcaninducerejectionres

2、ponsesintransplantationinmicearecalledhistocompatibilityantigens(H-2Ag).ThegenesencodeH-2Agsarecalledhistocompatibilitygenes(H-2gene).1950s:JeanDausset,JanvanRoodBloodtransfusion,KidneytransplantationCirculatingAbsreactwithAgsontheWBCordonororgans.AlloantiseraAlloan

3、tibodiesAlloantigensTheseAgsaretheproductsofpolymorphicgenesthatdistin-gushforeigntissuesfromselfTissues.humanleukocyteantigens,HLAs(HumanMHCantigen)DiscoveryofHumanMHC(HLA)Dr.JeanDaussetMajorhistocompatibilityantigen(MHCmolecules)aremoleculeswhichcaninduceintensive

4、lyandrapidlytransplantationrejectionbetweentwohomogeneousvariants.Majorhistocompatibilitycomplex(MHC)isaseriesofgeneclusterstightlyinterlockedwhichencodethemajorhistocompatibilityantigens..HLA(humanleukocyteantigen):human’sMHCantigen,thegeneofitislocatedonchromosome

5、6.H-2system:mouse’sMHCantigen,thegeneofitislocatedonchromosome17.Majorhistocompatibilityantigen(MHCmolecules)Majorhistocompatibilitycomplex(MHC,gene)HLA(humanleukocyteantigen)HLAgeneConceptsOtherdiscovery1960–1970，BenacerrafandMcDevittfoundimmuneresponsegenes(Ir)exi

6、stinginMHCThereisMHCrestrictioninCTLkillingvirus-infectedtargetcells.ThemainfunctionisantigenpresentationtoTcells,initiatingimmuneresponse.OutlineofLectureDiscovery&conceptsofMHCStructure&propertiesofMHCGenesStructure&propertiesofMHCMoleculesMHCpolymorphismPeptide-M

7、HCInteractionFunctionsofMHCMoleculesHLA&clinicmedicineGenemapsofhumanandmouseMHCHLAgene3600kb;Shortarmofchromosome6;>100locus;Organizedintoregionsencodingthreeclassesofmolecules.SimplifiedmapoftheHLAregionClassIIIMHCClassIIDPLMP/TAPDMDQDR1BCAMHCClassICLASSI:

8、3typesHLA-A,HLA-B,HLA-C(sometimescalledclassIagenes)CLASSII:3typesHLA-DP,HLA-DQ,HLA-DR(sometimescalledclassIIagenes)453Threegeneregion: