新编简明英语语言学教程课件.ppt

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1、ANewConciseCourseonLinguisticsforStudentsofEnglish新编简明英语语言学教程CourseIntroductionNatureoftheCourseCompulsory:2creditscoresInterestinganddullUseful:logicalthinkingtraining(theoriesareweapons)CourserequirementsThefieldsofstudycoveredbylinguisticsBasicconceptsBasictheoriesCourseeval

2、uationGeneralPolicyregularattendanceclassparticipationfinalexam*NotetoCoursePolicyAbsencePenalty:5-scorepenaltyforeachabsenceContributionAward:2-5scoresforclasscontributionCourseContents:anoverviewIntroductionPhonologyMorphologySyntaxSemanticsPragmaticsLanguageChangeLanguageand

3、SocietyLanguageandCultureLanguageAcquisitionSecondLanguageAcquisitionLanguageandBrainChapter1IntroductionWhatislinguistics?Whatislanguage?Whatislinguistics?Definitionof“linguistics”ThescopeoflinguisticsSomeimportantdistinctionsinlinguisticsDefinitionof“linguistics”Linguistics:i

4、sthescientificstudyoflanguage.Ittriestoanswersuchquestions:Whatislanguage?Howdoeslanguagework?Whatdoalllanguageshaveincommon?Whatrangeofvariationsisfoundamonglanguages?Whatmakeslanguagechange?Towhatextentaresocialclassdifferencesreflectedinlanguage?Howdoesachildacquirehismother

5、tongue?AndsoonItnotonlystudiesanyparticularlanguage,butstudieslanguagesingeneral.Thestudyofanyparticularlanguageiscalled“specificlinguistics”.Thestudyoflanguageingeneralisoftencalled“generallinguistics”ThescopeoflinguisticsLanguageisacomplicatedentitywithmultiplelayersandfacets

6、,consequentlythereareanumberofrelativelyindependentbrancheswithintheareaoflinguistics.TheCoreoflinguisticsPhonetics:thestudyofspeechsoundsusedinlinguisticcommunication:howtheyareproduced,howtheydifferfromeachother,whatphoneticfeaturestheypossess,howtheycanbeclassified,etc.Phono

7、logy:thestudyofhowspeechsoundsinalanguageareputtogether(i.e.,formpatterns)andusedtoconveymeaningincommunication.Morphology:thestudyofthewayinwhichlanguagesymbols(ormorphemes)arearrangedandcombinedtoformwords.Syntax:thestudyoftherulesbywhichwordsarecombinedtoformgrammaticallyper

8、missiblesentencesinlanguage.Semantics:thestudyofmeanin