人力资源开发专题ppt课件.ppt

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1、就业能力（Employability)Theessenceofemployability“Thepossibilitytosurviveintheinternalandexternalmarket.”(atentativedefinition)Gazier(2001):Version1:dichotomicemployability(1920s)Threecriteria:belongtotherightagegroup(15-64);notsufferanyphysicalormentalhand

2、icap;andnotbesubjecttostrongfamilyconstraintsVersion2:social-medicalemployability(1950s)Version3:manpowerpolicyemployabilityVersion4:flowemployability:concentratesonthespeedatwhichacertaingroupoftheunemployedfindswork.(1960s)Question:weaknessesofversion

3、2,3,and4?Version5:labourmarketperformanceemployability:theprobabilityofobtainingone-orseveraljobs,theprobabledurationofthesejobsexpressesinhoursofwork,andtheproblemsalary.Bymultiplyingthesethreeprobabilities,syntheticindicatorisobtainedfortheaptitudeofa

4、personoragroupforbeinggainfullyemployedonthelabourmarket.(1980s)Version6:initiativeemployability(1990s):underscorestheindividualresponsibilityandaperson’scapacitytotriggeraprocessofaccumulationofhumancapitalandsocialcapitalaroundhis/herprojects;canbedef

5、inedasthemarketabilityofcumulativeindividualskillsandcanbemeasuredbythebreadthofpotentialoralreadyacquiredhumancapital(knowledgeandproductiveskills,butalsolearningability)andbythesizeandqualityofthenetworkofhelpandsupportthatapersonisabletomobilizearoun

6、dhimself/herself(socialcapital).EmerginginNorthAmericanandEuropeanhumanresourcedevelopment(HRD)literatureParadox:?社会资本P.Bourdieu(1980):社会资本是实际或潜在的资源集合体，这些资源与拥有或多或少制度化的共同熟识和认可的关系有关，换言之，与一个群体的成员身份有关。JamesColeman:社会资本是个人拥有的表现为社会结构资源的资本财产，由构成社会结构的要素组成，主要存在于

7、人际关系和社会结构之中，并为结构内部的个人行动提供便利。Burt:社会资本是朋友、同事以及更一般的熟人，通过他们，你获得了使用你的金融和人力资本的机会。LinNan:行动者在行动中获得和使用的嵌入在社会网络中的资源。Version7:interactiveemployability(1990s):reintroducestheinteractiveandcollectivedimensions.“Employabilityistherelativecapacityofanindividualtoach

8、ievemeaningfulemploymentgiventheinteractionofpersonalcircumstancesandtheLabourmarket.”(CanadianLabourForceDevelopmentBoard,1994,p.viii)Aconsensushasgraduallyemergedaroundtheconceptof“interactiveemployability”asadefiningideainlabo