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1、Chapter2MethodologicalFrameworksandSystemsEngineeringProcesses(方法论框架和系统工程过程)12019SYSTEMSENGINEERINGThereareanumberofframeworks(框架、体系)thatwemightusetocharacterize(描绘)systemsengineeringefforts.Wewilldescribesomeoftheminthischapter.Withoutasoundandwell-understoodproductline,orprocess,fortheacquis
2、itionorproductionoflargesystems,itisverylikelythattherewillbeanumberofflaws(缺点)intheresultingsystemitself.Thus,thedefinition,development,anddeployment(部署)ofanappropriate(恰当的)process,orsetofprocesses,forsystemsproductionisveryimportant.8/29/202122019SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONInthischapte
3、rwefirstdiscussthenatureofsystemsacquisition(收购),production(生产),procurement(采购),ormanufacturing(制造业).Wewillgenerally(通常)usethewordacquisitiontodescribeeachoftheseefforts.Assystemsengineers,weareprimarilyconcernedwiththefunctionalandphysicalarchitecturesthatleadtoimplementationarchitecturesandt
4、heresultingdetaileddesignofsystemsofalltypes.Designanddevelopmentisveryimportant,eventhoughtheacquisitionorproductionprocessalsodependsuponsuccessinthedefinitionanddeployment(部署)phasesofthelifecycle.Designanddevelopmentisacreativeprocessthroughwhichsystemproducts,presumedtoberesponsivetoclient
5、needsandrequirements,areconceptualizedorspecified,manufacturedorotherwiseproduced,andfieldedorimplementedinsuchawaythattheycanbemaintainedovertime.8/29/202132019SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONTherearefourprimaryingredientsinourdefinitionofdesignanddevelopment,andtheyapplytosoftwaredesignaswe
6、llastothedesignofhardwareandphysicalsystems.Developmentresultsfromspecifications(规格)orarchitectureforaproductorsystem.Developmentisacreativeprocess.Developmentactivityincludesdesigneffort,whichisconceptualinnature.Asuccessfuldesignanddevelopmentmustbebroadlyresponsivetoclientneedsandrequiremen
7、ts.8/29/202142019SYSTEMSENGINEERING2.1INTRODUCTIONGoodsystemsengineeringpractice(实践)requiresthatthesystemsengineerberesponsivetoeachofthesefouringredientsforqualitydesignanddevelopmentefforts.Thefinalingredientrequiresasetofneedsandrequ