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1、Period1(Unit1BII)Warmingup&Listening&SpeakingI.Warmingup1.Introducesomefamousscientists.TheGerman-AmericanphysicistAlbertEinstein,b.Ulm,Germany,Mar.14,1879,d.Princeton,N.J.,Apr.18,1955,contributedmorethananyotherscientisttothe20th-centuryvisionofphysicalreality.Inthewakeof(随着...而来)Worl
2、dWarI,Einstein'stheories--especiallyhistheoryofrelativity--seemedtomanypeopletopointtoapurequalityofhumanthought,onefarremovedfromthewaranditsaftermath.Seldomhasascientistreceivedsuchpublicattentionforhavingcultivatedthefruitofpurelearning.MARIECURIEopenedupthescienceofradioactivity(放射
3、能).Sheisbestknownasthediscovereroftheradioactiveelements(元素)polonium(钋)andradium(镭)andasthefirstpersontowintwoNobelprizes.Forscientistsandthepublic,herradiumwasakeytoabasicchangeinourunderstandingofmatterandenergy.Herworknotonlyinfluenced(影响)thedevelopmentoffundamental(基础的)sciencebutal
4、soushered(引导)inanewera(纪元)inmedicalresearchandtreatment.AlfredNorthWhitehead(b.1861-d.1947),Britishmathematician,logicianandphilosopherbestknownforhisworkinmathematicallogicandthephilosophyofscience.IncollaborationwithBertrandRussell,heauthored(创造)thelandmark(里程碑)three-volumePrincipiaM
5、athematica(1910,1912,1913)andcontributedsignificantlytotwentieth-centurylogicandmetaphysics(形而上学).AtthetimethatGalileoarrivedattheUniversity,somedebatehadstartedupononeofAristotle's"laws"ofnature--namely,thatthatheavierobjectsfellfasterthanlighterobjects.Aristotle'swordhadbeenaccepteda
6、sgospeltruth,andtherehadbeenfewattemptstoactuallytestAristotle'sconclusionsbyactuallyconductinganexperiment!Accordingtolegend,Galileodecidedtotry.Heneededtobeabletodroptheobjectsfromagreatheight.Theperfectbuildingwasrightathand--theTowerofPisa,54meterstall.Galileoclimbeduptothetopofthe
7、buildingcarryingavarietyofballsofvaryingsizeandweight,anddumpedthemoffofthetop.Theyalllandedatthebaseofthebuildingatthesametime(legendsaysthatthedemonstrationwaswitnessedbyahugecrowdofstudentsandprofessors).Aristotlewaswrong.Whowerethey?Whatweretheyfamousfor?ScientistsContributionsQu