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时间:2020-05-22
《长期施磷的产量效应及其环境风险评价-论文.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、第201334年卷8第月8期环境科学Vo1.34.No.8ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEAug.,2013长期施磷的产量效应及其环境风险评价颜晓,王德建,张刚,冉景,郑继成。(1.中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008;2.中国科学院大学,北京100049)摘要:基于太湖地区8a的长期试验,应用常规化学分析法和数学统计方法,研究了不同施肥方式即单施化肥(NPK)、化肥配施稻麦全量秸秆还田(NPK+s)、无机肥配施鲜猪粪7.5t·(hm·a)(NPK+M7.5)及无机肥配施鲜猪粪15.0t·(hm·a)。’(NPK+M15)对稻麦轮作农田的作物产量、土壤各形态磷的累
2、积及其潜在环境效应的影响.结果表明,在单施无机磷肥基础上,无论是秸秆全量还田还是配施不同量的猪粪,稻麦均没有显著增产;长期以常规无机磷肥用量配施猪粪,其土壤Olsen—P、Mehlich3一P、草酸盐磷(P。)、CaC1一P、水浸提磷(WEP)、总磷(TP)及土壤磷饱和度(degreeofPsaturation,DPS)等均显著增加,且配施猪粪量越大,各形态磷的累积量越大,土壤积累磷的环境风险越高;长期在常规无机磷肥用量基础上进行全量秸秆还田,与秸秆不还田处理相比,土壤各形态磷并无显著累积.综合考虑稻麦的产量效应、土壤磷库表观收支平衡、磷素长期累积的环境风险及经济效益等,在本研
3、究区域目前的土壤环境条件下,常规磷肥施用量(45kg·hmI2)基础上进行全量秸秆还田这一施肥方式是值得推荐的.关键词:猪粪;秸秆还田;磷累积;环境风险;磷饱和度中图分类号:X592;X820.4文献标识码:A文章编号:0250.3301(2013)08.3205—06EffectsofLong-TermManureandCropResiduesInc0rp0ratiOnonYieldandPhosphorusSaturationinaPaddySoilYANXiao’,WANGDe—jian,ZHANGGang,RANJing’,ZHENGJi—cheng’(1.Instit
4、uteofSoilScience,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China;2.UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China)Abstract:An8-yearfieldexperimentwasconductedintheTaihuLakeregionofeasternChinatoinvestigatetheeffectsofincorporationofstrawandmanureontheyieldandphosphorus(P)accumulationi
5、nthepaddysoil,andtoevaluatethepotentialriskofPlossfromsoiltoenvironment.Theexperimenthadfourfertilizationtreatments,i.e.,chemicalfertilizersalone(NPK),chemicalfertilizersplusrice/wheatstraw(NPK+S),chemicalfertilizersplus7.5t·(hm·a)wetpigmanure(NPK+M7.5),andchemicalfertilizersplus15.0t·(hm·a)
6、wetpigmanure(NPK+M15).Amongthefourtreatments,nosignificantdifferenceswereobservedintheyieldofriceorwheat.Long—termapplicationofchemicalfertilizerspluspigmanuresignificantlyincreasedthesoiltotalP,thedegreeofPsaturation(DPS),andtheconcentrationofextractablePforms,including01sen·P,Mehlich3extra
7、ctableP,CaC12extractableP,andwaterextractableP,whichbecameapotentialsourceofeutrophicationinTaihuLake.Incontrasttochemicalfertilizerspluspigmanure,therewerenosignificantdifferencesintheconcentrationsofextractablePformsbetweentheNPK+SandNPKtreatment
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