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《长期施磷稻田土壤磷素累积及其潜在环境风险-论文.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、中国生态农业学报2013年4月第21卷第4期ChineseJournalofEco-Agriculture,Apr.2013,21(4):393—400DoI:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2013.00393长期施磷稻田土壤磷素累积及其潜在环境风险木颜晓,2王德建张刚薄录吉,2彭小兰,2(1.中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008;2.中国科学院大学北京100049)摘要应用常规化学分析法和数学统计方法,基于太湖地区13年的长期定位试验,研究长期不同施磷水平下[0(不施磷)、30kg·hm-2.a(低磷)、60kg·hm-2.
2、a(适磷)、90kg·hm-2.a(高磷)】稻麦轮作系统稻田土壤磷素累积规律及磷素流失引发的环境风险。在本试验区土壤环境条件下,可能发生稻田磷素淋溶及径流的土壤耕层(0-15cm)Olsen—P临界值分别为26.0mg·kg和24.8mg·kg一。连续13年适磷、高磷施肥,土壤耕层Olsen.P含量分别达到26.9mg·kg和33.2mg·kg~,均高于临界值浓度,且已导致稻田田面水与30cm渗漏水中总磷浓度显著升高,大大提高了稻田磷素淋溶及径流的风险。低磷施肥土壤Olsen.P长期稳定在O0.14-2.0)mg·kg-水平,并且每年的
3、稻麦产量与高磷、适磷处理相比并无显著差异,而长期低磷施肥土壤磷的流失风险也较小。因此,在太湖地区稻麦轮作体系下,磷肥不宜以常规适磷水平长期施用,建议以低磷水平(30kg·hm-/.a)长期施用或以适磷水平(60kg·hm-2.a1间歇式施用。关键词稻麦轮作系统施磷磷素累积Olsen.P环境风险耕层土壤田面水渗漏水中图分类号:S153.5:X592文献标识码:A文章编号:l671.3990(2013)04.0393.08Soilphosphorousaccumulationinlong—termPfertilizationpaddyfie
4、ldanditsenvironmentaleffectsYANXiao,WANGDe.Jian,ZHANGGang,BOLu—Ji,PENGXiao.Lan'(1.InstituteofSoilScience,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China;2.UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China)AbstractThecontinuousandexcessiveapplicationofphosphorus(P)fer
5、tilizersandmanureinintensiveagriculturalsystemshaveledtosoilPaccumulationandprogressivesaturationofsoilsorptioncapacity.ThishassignificantlyinfluencedsoilPlossandPaccumulationinaquaticecosystems.TheTaihuLakeRegionoftheYangtseRiverDeltahasfordecadesbeenahighlyintensiveagr
6、iculturalproductionzoneinChina.Here,applicationsofchemicalfertilizersandfarmyardmanurehavebeenaneffectivemethodofimprovingsoilfertilityandproductivity.Long—termapplicationsoffertilizersand/ormanure,ofteninexcessofimmediateplantuptake,haveresultedinsignificantPaccumulatio
7、nandlossinthisregion.ThishasconsiderablyincreasedthepotentialforeutrophicationintheTaihuLake.Thechange-pointtheory(withasoilOlsen—PcontentthresholdabovewhichthepotentialforsignificantPlossfromsoilstowatersystemsoccurred)hasbeenconsideredtobescientificandusefulinPmanageme
8、ntinagriculturalsoils.Uptodate,however,therehasbeenlessreportwithrespecttotheOlsen—Pchange—pointtheoryf
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