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1、生态与农村环境学报2010,26(1):82-86JournalofEcologyandRuralEnvironment集约化蔬菜地土壤磷素累积特征及流失风险121①2122高秀美,汪吉东,刘兆普,张永春,赵耕毛,许仙菊,宁运旺(11南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095;21江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014)摘要:以南京市郊集约化蔬菜长期种植基地为对象,采集蔬菜种植年限分别为3～5、15～20、25～30a的土壤,测定土壤全磷(TP)、速效磷(Olsen2P)、水溶性磷(CaCl22
2、P)、生物有效磷(NaOH2P)的含量,并对0—20cm土层磷素吸附特性进行分析,通过研究土壤磷吸附饱和度(DPS)、最大缓冲容量(MBC)来对土壤磷素流失风险进行评估。结果表明,在0—20cm土层,除NaOH2P外,其余各形态磷(TP、Olsen2P、CaCl22P)都随种植年限延长呈增加趋势。不同种植年限土壤TP、Olsen2P、CaCl22P、NaOH2P主要积累在0—20cm土层,且随着土层深度的增加土壤磷的累积量逐渐降低。DPS随种植年限延长而升高,种植年限25～30a的菜地0—5cm土层DPS超过土壤磷素流失环境
3、敏感指标临界值(25%),其MBC也最低,表明随着蔬菜种植年限的延长土壤磷素流失风险加剧,且流失风险主要体现在0—5cm土层。关键词:集约化蔬菜地;磷吸附饱和度;最大缓冲容量;流失风险中图分类号:X52文献标识码:A文章编号:1673-4831(2010)01-0082-051AccumulationandLeachingRiskofPhosphorusinVegetableSoilsUnderIntensiveCultivation.GAOXiu2mei,212122WANGJi2dong,LIUZhao2pu,ZHANG
4、Yong2chun,ZHAOGeng2mao,XUXian2ju,NINGYun2wang(1.CollegeofRe2sourcesandEnvironmentalSciences,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,China;2.InstituteofAgriculturalResourceandEnvironmentalSciences,JiangsuAcademyofAgriculturalScience,Nanjing210014,China)Abstract:
5、Inordertostudyaccumulationandleachingriskofsoilphosphorus,soilsampleswerecollectedfromvegetablefields,differentinintensivevegetablecultivationhistory(3-5,15-20and25-30years)inthesuburbsofNanjingforassayofconcentrationsoftotalphosphorus(TP),availablephosphorus(Olsen
6、2P),dissolvedreactivephosphorus(CaCl22P)andbio2availablephosphorus(NaOH2P),andPadsorptionin0-20cmsoillayer,andforassessmentofsoilphos2phateleachingriskthroughdeterminationofdegreeofphosphorussaturation(DPS)andmaximumbuffercapacity(MBC)ofthesoils.Resultsshowthatthel
7、ongerthehistoryofintensivevegetablecultivation,thehighertheaccumulationofphos2phorusforallPfractions,exceptforNaOH2P,whichwashigherinsoilsof3-5athanintheothertwogroups.TP,Ols2en2P,CaCl22PandNaOH2Paccumulatedmainlyinthe0-20cmsoillayer,anddecreasedinconcentrationwith
8、thedepthinprofile.DPSincreasedwiththehistory.Inthe0-5cmsoillayersofsoilsof25-30a,theconcentrationofDPSwasevenhigherthan25%,theenvironmentalsensit
