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1、StandardEnglish&DifferentAccentsSeptember24th,2012Contents1.WhatisstandardEnglish?2.ReceivedPronunciation3.GeneralAmerican4.AustralianEnglish5.Conclusion1.WhatisstandardEnglish?StandardEnglish(oftenshortenedtoS.E.withinlinguisticcircles)referstowhateverf
2、ormoftheEnglishlanguageisacceptedasanationalnorminanAnglophonecountry.Itisdefinednotasalanguage,astyle,anaccent,butasstandardizedgrammarandvocabularywithdifferentaccents.IntheBritishIsles,particularlyinEnglandandWales,StandardEnglishisoftenassociatedwith
3、:the"ReceivedPronunciation"accent.IntheUnitedStates,itisgenerallyassociatedwiththe"GeneralAmerican"accent,andinAustralia,itisusuallyassociatedwithGeneralAustralian.2.ReceivedPronunciation2.1.DedinitionReceivedPronunciation(RP)isthestandardaccentofStandar
4、dEnglishinGreatBritain,itisdefinedintheConciseOxfordDictionaryas"thestandardaccentofEnglishasspokeninthesouthofEngland",althoughsomehavearguedthatitcanbeheardfromnativespeakersthroughoutEnglandandWales.ItisimportantnottoconfusethenotionofReceivedPronunci
5、ationwiththestandardvarietyoftheEnglishlanguageusedinEngland.ThestudyofRPisconcernedexclusivelywithpronunciation,whilestudyofthestandardlanguageisalsoconcernedwithmatterssuchasgrammar,vocabularyandstyle.2.2.HistoryofReceivedPronunciationRPhasmostincommon
6、withtheEarlyModernEnglishdialectsoftheEastMidlands.ThiswasthemostpopulatedandmostprosperousareaofEnglandduringthe14thand15thcenturies.Bytheendofthe15thcentury,"StandardEnglish"wasestablishedintheCityofLondon.AmixtureofLondonspeechwithelementsfromEastMidl
7、ands,MiddlesexandEssex,becameknownasReceivedPronunciation.2.3.RelationshipbetweenRPandS.E.RPisanaccentandaregister,ratherthanadialect.AnyoneusingRPwilltypicallyspeakStandardEnglishalthoughthereverseisnotnecessarilytrue.e.g.thestandardlanguagemaybepronoun
8、cedwitharegionalaccent,suchasaScottishorYorkshireAccent;butitisveryunlikelythatsomeonespeakingRPwoulduseittospeaktheScotsortheYorkshireDialect2.4.HistoricalvariationofRP/ɛ/→/æ/e.g.Theoldpronunciationoflandwouldsoundsimilar
