小说的要素英文ppt.ppt

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1、TheElementsofFictionFictionreferstoanyimaginaryworkportrayingcharactersandeventsElementsoffictionClassificationoffiction:novel,novelette,shortstory.Shortshortstory.TheElementsInclude:PlotSymbolismCharacterThemeSettingIronyPointofViewToneandStylePLOTAnauthor’ss

2、electionandarrangementofincidentsinastorytoshapetheactionandgivethestoryaparticularfocus.Discussionsofplotincludenotjustwhathappens,butalsohowandwhythingshappenthewaytheydo.Plotmayhavethreeparts:RisingActionClimaxFallingActionRisingActionComplication(s)creates

3、somesortofconflictfortheprotagonist(themaincharacter).Climaxthemomentofgreatestemotionaltensioninanarrative,usuallymarkingaturningpointintheplotatwhichtherisingactionreversestobecomethefallingaction.FallingActionorRESOLUTIONtheconclusionofaplot’sconflictsandco

4、mplications.Theresolutionfollowstheclimaxintheplot.CharacterapersonoranimalsorobjectspresentedinadramaticornarrativeworkAheroorheroine,oftencalledthePROTAGONIST,isthecentralcharacterwhoengagesthereader’sinterestandempathy（同感，共鸣）.TheANTAGONISTisthecharacter,for

5、ce,orcollectionofforcesthatstanddirectlyopposedtotheprotagonistandgivesrisetotheconflictofthestory.Astaticcharacterdoesnotchangethroughoutthework,andthereader’sknowledgeofthatcharacterdoesnotgrow,whereasadynamiccharacterundergoessomekindofchangebecauseoftheact

6、ionintheplot.Aflatcharacterembodiesoneortwoqualities,ideas,ortraitsthatcanbereadilydescribedinabriefsummary.Theyarenotpsychologicallycomplexcharactersandthereforearereadilyaccessibletoreaders.Someflatcharactersarerecognizedasstockcharacters;theyembodystereotyp

7、essuchasthe“dumbblonde”orthe“meanstepfather.”Theybecometypesratherthanindividuals.Roundcharactersaremorecomplexthanflatorstockcharacters,andoftendisplaytheinconsistenciesandinternalconflictsfoundinmostrealpeople.Theyaremorefullydeveloped,andthereforearehardert

8、osummarize.JourneytotheWestCharacterizationistheprocessbywhichawritermakesthecharacterseemrealtothereader.MethodsofCharacterization:1.Direct:“hewasanoldman..”(TheOldManandtheSea)2.