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1、TheUnitedkingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandBritain,GreatBritain,England,theBritishIslands,theUnitedKingdom,theU.K2013030927赵欣BritishIslesGreatBritainIrelandNorthseaTheRiverThames2MostpopulousandwealthiestEngland130,281urbanizedLondonThecapitalofEnglandandtheU.KLeadingbankingandfinanc
2、ialcentersintheworldAmajorportThepoliticalcenterofthecommonwealthtourism78,772EdinburghCapitalofScotlandScotland’sadministrative,financial,legal,medicalandinsurancecenterBeautifulsceneryRenownedarchitectureThelongestriverofBritainWelshGaelic20%20,780CardiffCapitalofWalesEurope’syoungestca
3、pitalcityUrbanregenerationandrestorationOneofthemostfashionablecitiesinBritainThelargestlakeintheBritishIsles14,135BelfastThelargestcityandthecapitalofnorthernIrelandThesecondlargestcityoftheU.KSomethingnewAtlanticOceanGulfStreamMildtemperateWarmsummersCoolwintersPlentifulprecipitation20℃
4、0℃Features：FrequentfoginwinterRainydaysInstabilitymillion63million(2012)Anglo-Saxons:majorityCelticpeople:Wales,Scotland,IrelandImmigrants:Italians,Greeks,AustraliansandNewZealanders,African,AsianFormercoloniesoftheBritishEmpireLanguageofAngle-SaxonsInfluencedbyOldNorseLatinandGreekwordsD
5、anishwords1.OldEnglish(5th~11th)ThemostfamousworkfromtheOldEnglishperiodistheepicpoem”Beowulf”(approximatelyAD900)Hwæt!WeGar-Denaingeardagum,þeodcyninga,þrymgefrunon,huðaæþelingasellenfremedon.OftScyldScefingsceaþenaþreatumBeowulfStatusFrenchreplacedEnglishastheofficiallanguage,andEnglish
6、becametheLanguageoflowerclassbig—porksheep—muttoncattle—beefDevelopmentEnglishincreasedinimportanceaftertheBlackDeath2.MiddleEnglish(11th~15th)Theprintingpress—broughtstandardizationofEnglishSamuelJohnson’sdictionary—establishedastandardformofspellingRenaissance—assimilatedforeignwordsthr
7、oughouttheRenaissanceTheIndustrialRevolution—necessitatedtheintroductionofnewwordsfornewthingsandideasTheriseoftheBritishEmpireortheCommonwealthofNations—ledtotheassimilationofwordsfrommanyotherlanguages3.ModernEnglish(15th~)basedonthespeechoftheupperclassofsoutheas
