语音的生理性质.doc

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1、语音的生理性质ThephysiologicalpropertySpeechsoundsaremadebyourspeechorgans,sotheyhaveabiologicalbasis.语音是语音器官发出的，因此具有生理性质。（1）Namesofspeechorgans:发音器官名称：L.Lips(labia)唇T.Teeth(dentis)齿TR.Teethridge(Alveolus)齿龈HP.Hardpalate(Palatum)硬腭SP.Softpalate(Velum)软腭U.Uvula小舌P.P

2、harynx咽BL.Bladeoftongue（includingthetip）舌叶（包括舌尖）F.Fronttongue前舌B.Backtongue后舌E.Epiglottis会厌FP.Foodpassage食道VC.Vocalcords声带W.Windpipe气管(2)Makeupofspeechorgansanditsfunction.发音器官构造与功能Thespeechorgansarethespeakingsystemwhichconsistsofthefollowingparts:发音器官是说话的机

3、制，包括以下部分：---Breathingorgans:呼吸器官:Thelungsandwindpipe.肺和气管。---Larynxandvocalcords.喉与声带。Thelarynxisattheupperpartofthewindpipe.Itcontainsglottisinwhichtherearevocalcords.Theairstreamcomingfromthelungsvibratethevocalcordstomakevoicedsounds.Ifitcomesthroughthevo

4、calcordswithoutvibratingthevocalcords,voicelesssoundsareproduced.喉腔位于气管的顶端。喉腔内是声带。来自肺部的气流使声带振动发出浊音，如果气流没有是声带振动,发出清音。---Theresonancechamberorresonator:共鸣腔。Theresonancechamberconsistsofthreeimportantcavities:thepharyngealcavity,thenasalcavityandthemouthcavity.

5、Theaircomingfromthelungsmaybemodifiedinthesecavitiesinavarietyofways.Itpassesthroughthemouthcavityornasalcavitybypharyngealcavity.共鸣腔包括三个重要部分：咽腔，鼻腔和口腔。来自肺部的气流在这三个腔内以各种方式发生变化。气流通过咽腔进入口腔或鼻腔。Thepharyngealcavity.咽腔。Aircomingfromthelungsandthroughthewindpipepasse

6、sthroughtheglottis,apartofthelarynx,whichisabonystructureattheendofthewindpipe.Thisisthefirstpointwherethesoundmodificationmightoccur.Lyingacrosstheglottisarethevocalcordswhicharemadeupoftwothintissues.Thetwotissuescanbeheldtightlytogethertocutofftheairstrea

7、mortheycanberelaxedtolettheairflowpassthroughfreely.Thevocalcordscanbevibratedbytheairstreamandresultinavoicedsound,ortheycanbekeptaparttoletairgothroughwithoutvibration,soundsproducedinthisconditionarevoicelesssounds.来自肺部的气流由气管通过喉头。喉头是咽腔的一部分，软骨构架，位于气管上部。这是语

8、音改变发生的第一点。在喉结里，从前到后是两片纤维薄膜，叫声带。这两片纤维薄膜可以合拢，阻止气流，或分开使气流自由通过。气流可以使声带振动产生浊音，或者声带分开使气流通过时不振动声带，使用这种方法发出的是清音。Theoralcavity.口腔。Thegreatestsourceofmodificationistheoralcavity.Mouthisamajorresonatorwhic