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1、CollegeEnglishGrammar:GrammarandWritingByZhuXiangjunUnit15SentencesGrammar:SentencesWriting:Correcting:Choppy/StringySentencesRewriting:VarietyinsentencestructureSentencesAsentenceismadeupofaclause.Aclauseisagroupofwordsthatcontainsasubjectandapredicate.Clausescanbeput
2、intotwokinds:independent/mainclausesanddependent/subordinateclauses.Anindependent/mainclauseconsistsofasubjectandapredicateandcanstandaloneasasentence.thepresidenttookaseatsheplaysanimportantroleinthegameAdependent/subordinateclausestartswithasubordinatewordssuchasthat
3、,which,what,when,where,why,how,because,though,whether,if,etc.Itcannotstandaloneasasentencethoughitconsistsofbothasubjectandapredicate.whenthepresidenttookaseatbecausesheplaysanimportantroleinthegame1.SimplesentencesThemostbasictypeofsentenceisasimplesentence.Itcanbeass
4、hortasoneword(whenthesubject“you”isunderstood):Run!Usually,asimplesentencecontainsoneindependent/mainclause.Tobecomplete,itmusthaveatleastonesubjectandonepredicate.Boththesubjectandthepredicatemayhavemodifierssuchasadjectives,adverbs,prepositionalphrases,participialphr
5、ases,etc.Allofthefollowingaresimplesentences,becauseeachcontainsonlyoneclause:Run!Thepolicemanruns.Thepolicemanrunsfast.Thepolicemanondutyrunsfasttowardsthecar.Receivinganemergentcallfromhismen,thepolicemanondutyrunsfasttowardsthewaitingcar.Asimplesentencemayalsohavetw
6、oormoresubjectsand/orpredicates.Thepresidentandhismentookseats.Thepresidentandhismentookseatsanddiscussedtheproblem.Notice:1)Simplesentencescanbeveryeffectivefordrawingareader'sattention,butyouhavetousethemwithcare:toomanysimplesentencescanmakeyourwritingseemchoppyandc
7、hildish.2)Inasimplesentence,nocommasseparatecompoundelements.2.CompoundsentencesAsentencethathasatleasttwoormoremain/independentclausesiscalledacompoundsentence.Allofthemainclausesofacompoundsentencehavetheirownsubject(s)andtheirownpredicate(s)andthesemainclausesareofe
8、qualimportanceingrammar.Usually,acompoundsentenceisjoinedby1)acoordinatingconjunction(for,and,nor,but,or,yet,so),2)ac
