醇解法制备聚乙烯醇.doc

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1、醇解法制备聚乙烯醇目录第一章产品简介·········································································61.1产品的性质·····································································61.2产品的应用·····································································7第二章原料规格及性质······································

2、························92.1原料规格·········································································82.2原料性质·········································································9第三章合成原理及工艺路线·····················································10第四章流程图····································

3、········································124.1生产设备········································································124.2工艺流程········································································12第五章操作步骤及工艺参数·····················································135.1操作步骤··················

4、······················································15第六章产品规格及标准·····························································17第七章消耗定额及成本核算······················································187.1工程投资········································································187.2生产投资···········

5、·····························································187.3年利润核算····································································18第八章参考文献········································································19附图说明······································································

6、···············20第一章产品简介1.1产品的性质聚乙烯醇是以乙烯法生产的醋酸乙烯为原料，经溶液聚合、无水低碱醇解得。聚乙烯醇（PVA）其充填密度约0.20～0.48g／cm3，折射率为1.51～1.53。聚乙烯醇的熔点难于直接测定，因为它在空气中的分解温度低于熔融温度。用间接法测得其熔点在230℃左右。聚乙烯醇的玻璃化温度约80℃。玻璃化温度除与测定条件有关外，也与其结构有关。聚乙烯醇工艺具有物耗低、能耗低、污染小的特点，是一种环保型产品，聚乙烯醇主要有完主醇解型和部分醇解型两大类。聚乙烯醇的端基较复杂，除了羟基外，还有羧基、羰基和二甲基乙氰基等。这些基团表现了复杂的行

7、为。它们除了影响到维尼维纤维的着色、染色性能、吸湿性能，并促使聚乙烯醇溶解部分的增加。根据羟基空间分布的位置，可分为全同结构聚乙烯醇（I-PVA）、间位结构聚乙烯醇(S-PVA)和无规结构聚乙烯醇（A-PVA）。聚乙烯醇的一般性质：1)外观：白色或微黄色片状、颗粒状固体。2)填充比重：0.4～0.5g/ml3)水溶性：本品在冷水中仅溶胀，随水温的升高而逐渐溶解，在搅拌情况下至95℃能迅速溶解。在热水中的最高浓度达16％左右。其水溶液具有良好的成