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1、现代英语词汇学概论LexicologyChapter1AGeneralSurvey1.0TheDefinitionoftheterm“word”词的定义1.1TheDevelopmentofEnglishVocabulary英语词汇的发展史1.2ClassificationofEnglishWords词的分类1.0TheDefinitionoftheterm“word”Questions:1.Howmanyinfluentialdefinitionsof“word”arethereinthehistory?Whatarethey?Whataretheirdefect
2、s?2.Howcanwedefinetheterm“word”?Canyougiveanexampletoillustrateit?Arethey“words”?Café,fiancée,hapaxlegomenafather’s,do-it-yourself,hasn’tDonno,lol$559.34,￡233,IBMR51Corpus4u,:-)O(∩_∩)O哈哈~，囧rz，⊙﹏⊙b汗Word:afundamentalunitofspeechandaminimumfreeform;withaunityofsoundandmeaning(bothlexicala
3、ndgrammaticalmeaning),capableofperformingagivensyntacticfunction.E.g.Theyoungmanleftquietly.(young)ReviewWord:aminimumfreeformsoundlexicalandgrammaticalmeaningsyntacticfunction1.1TheDevelopmentofEnglishVocabularyQuestions:1.HowmanystagesdoesEnglishvocabularydevelop?2.Ateachstage,therea
4、rehowmanyoriginsEnglishwordscomefrom?Native:Celtic1stperiod(449-1100):OldEnglishorAnglo-SaxonPeriod(OEorAS)Celtic→Anglo-Saxon(thesettlementfrom450AD.)/OldNorse/Latin2ndperiod(1100-1500):MiddleEnglishPeriod(ME)French(theNormanConquestin1066)Latin3rdperiod(1500-present):ModernEnglishPeri
5、odEarlystagesofModernEnglish(1500-1700)Latin(Renaissance)Greek(Renaissance)ContemporaryEnglish(1700-present):ThreeRomanceLanguages:French,Spanish,ItalianOtherEuropeanlanguages:Portuguese,German,Dutch…Non-Europeanlanguages(exploration,colonization,trade)1.2ClassificationofEnglishWordsQu
6、estions:1.ThemaincriteriabywhichwecanclassifyEnglishwords?2.Accordingtodifferentcriteria,howcanweclassifyEnglishwords?1.2ClassificationofEnglishWordsThreemaincriteria:byorigin/词源bylevelofusage/用法bynotion/概念Byorigin:1.nativewords本族词2.loanwords外来词Nativewords:wordsofAnglo-Saxonoriginorofo
7、ldEnglishLoan/borrowedwords:thoseborrowedfromotherlanguagesFeaturesofnativewords:MostaremonosyllabicformingthegreatmajorityofthebasicwordstockBasicwordstock:auxiliary,modalverbs,numerals,pronouns,prepositions,conjunctions,themostfrequentlyusedwords(essentialtolife)NationalcharacterSt
