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1、各种时态的被动语态形式为:1)be+done(过去分词)一般现在时2)has/havebeendone现在完成时3)am/is/arebeingdone现在进行时4)was/weredone一般过去时5)hadbeendone过去完成时6)was/werebeingdone过去进行时7)shall/willbedone(begoingtobedone,beabouttobedone,betobedone)一般将来时8)should/wouldbedone过去将来时被动语态的特殊结构形式1)双宾语动词用于被动结构时,通常变为主语的是间接宾语,
2、另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。Hismothergavehimapresent.=Hewasgivenapresentbyhismother.2)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。Someonecaughttheboysmoking.=Theboywascaughtsmoking.4)在使役动词have,make,get感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,变为被动结构时要还原to。Someonesawastrangerwalk
3、intothebuilding.=Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.5)有些动词词组“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,用于被动结构要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其介词或副词不能省略。例ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.不定式由“to+do(动词原形)”构成,其否定形式是“nottodo”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,在句子中作______,_____,_____,_____,_____,_____。不定式没有人称和数的变化,但有_____和_____的变化
4、。主语表语宾语宾补定语状语时态语态不定式有时态和语态的变化,时态共四种,即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态,如下表所示。时态与语态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式进行式完成进行式不定式todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendonetohavebeendoing--------------------归纳:逻辑主语是动作的执行者时用_____语态;逻辑主语是动作的承受者时用_____语态。主动被动1.Hehopes_________(see)youagain.他希望再次见到
5、你。2.Hethoughtitanhonor___________(invite)totheparty.他认为被邀请参加派对是个荣幸。toseetobeinvitedtodo&tobedone不定式被动语态tobedone&tohavebeendone1.Heorderedthebridge__________(build)withinthemonth.他命令在月内建成这座桥。2.Shewasglad_________________(give)somuchhelp.得到如此多的帮助,她很高兴。tobebuilttohavebeengive
6、n归纳:不定式动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生用___________________;发生在谓语动词的动作之前用____________________________。tobedonetohavebeendone1.Thedishesneed____________.tobewashedwashPractice小结1:needdoing=needtobedone2.Themailisintended(准备)__________.sendtobesent4.Thehouseis________(待售).selltobesold3.
7、Thewallisexpected_____________.tobepaintedpaint适用于believe,suppose,say,report等动词。Peoplebelievethathewaskilled.Itisbelievedthathewaskilled.Heisbelievedtohavebeenkilled.转化成it’s+p.p.+that从句转化成He’s+p.p.+?大家相信他被杀了。Themeetingtomorrowissaid_____________(hold)at10o'clock.2.Thebooki
8、sreported_________________(translate)intomanylanguages.据报道这本书已经被翻译成很多种语言。tohavebeentransl