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1、一、过去分词在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。二、过去分词作表语，表示主语的①心理感觉②所处的（被动或完成的）状态：①Heisquitepleasedwiththedesignofthedress. ②Don’ttouchtheglassbecauseitisbroken. 1．及物动词的过去分词作表语，既表被动，又表完成：Thecupisbroken.不及物动词的过去分词作表语，只表完成：Thestickisburnt.2．不定式、动名词、分词做表语的区别：a.不定式动作发生于谓语之后：Hisaimistotrainthestud
2、ents’speakingability.b.动名词是对主语内容的解释，主语与表语可互换位置：HisjobisteachingFrench.c.现在分词表主语的性质与特征：Themovieisamazing.d.过去分词表主语的①心理感觉②所处的状态(被动、完成)：Heiswelleducated.3．常作表语的分词：amusing,amused;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disappointed;confusing,confused;puzzling,puzzled;satisfying
3、,satisfied;delighting,delighted;pleasing,pleased;convincing,convinced;astonishing,astonished;amazing,amazed;shocking,shocked三、过去分词做定语，与其所修饰名词有动宾关系，表被动或完成：Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess. （非限定性定语）Thesuggestionmadebytheforeignexpertwasadoptedbythemanag
4、er. （后置定语）Theexcitedpeoplerushedintothebuilding. （前置定语）1．及物动词的过去分词作定语表被动、完成；不及物动词则只表完成，且前置（fallenleaves落叶retiredworkers退休工人therisensun升起的太阳）2．不定式、动名词、分词作定语的区别：a.时间上：不定式动作发生在谓语之后；现在分词动作与谓语同时发生；过去分词动作发生在谓语之前：Theschool①tobebuilt②beingbuilt③builtis(was)brilliant.b.动名词说明所修饰名
5、词的用途；现在分词表所修饰名词在进行的动作：awalkingstick;asleepingcar（动名词）therisingsun;thechangingworld（现在分词）c.过去分词表完成、被动；现在分词表主动、进行：acarparkedatthegate;abirdflyinginthesky;boiledwater,boilingwater;fallenleaves,fallingleaves;四、过去分词做状语：1．表①时间(有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念)②原因③条件(其前可加if)④让步⑤方式或
6、伴随：①Seenfromhere,thecitylookedlikeagarden. ②Deeplymovedbythestory,thepeoplecried.③Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.④Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.⑤Seatedatthetable,weweretalkingaboutourjob.2．过去分词的逻辑主语与句中主语不一致时，修正方法为：利用独立主格结构；改变语态；改为相应的状语从句；用with的复合结构等。如：完成作
7、业后，孩子们出去踢足球了。Finishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(×)Theirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(独立主格)Havingfinishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(现在分词完成形式)Whentheyfinishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(状语从句
8、)Withtheirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(with的复合结构)Afterfinishingtheirhomework,thec
