2016初中英语不定式复习上课必用知识讲解.ppt

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1、动词不定式定义：不定式的构成是to+动词原形，当然to有时也可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。构成：to+do(动词原形)用法：1、用作宾语(v.+todo)e.g:Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.Ifounditdifficulttofallasleep.我发现很难入睡。needtodolearntodoagreetodostoptodoplantododecidetodogoontodotrytodobegintodostarttodoref

2、usetodoliketodoforgettodoremembertodo动词不定式做主语时常用it作形式主语，把真正主语放后面。若要说明动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加for引导的短语；但若表语是kind.nice.right.wrong.clever.polite.rude.careful等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，则应在其前加一个of引导的名词或代词短语加以说明，或称赞或责备批评。It’sveryniceofyoutohelpme.你能帮助我真是太好了。It’snecessaryforthestudentstodoeye-exercisestwiceaday.对学生

3、来说一天做两次眼保健操是重要的。A、作主语，如Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Itisgoodothers.帮助他人是件好事。ItisexcitingtheInternet.上网是件令人兴奋的事。tohelptosurf=It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.动词不定式用法B作宾语动词+todo常见动词有start,like,forget,learn,agree,decide,fail,hope,wish,want,plan等1Hedecided(buy)thecamera.tobuy2Iwant(liste

4、nto)somemusicafterclass.tolistento3Ihope(travel)allovertheworldoneday.totravel动词不定式C、作表语，如Theimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.Whatyouhavetodonowis(打扫教室)tocleantheclassroom动词不定式6.用作定语Givemesomethingtodrink.Ihavetwobookstoread.Theyhavemuchfoodtoeat.（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）Heaske

5、dforaroomtolivein.Idon’thaveapentowritewith.Theiceishardenoughtoskateon.Heboughtatoytoplaywith.3.用作状语(adverbial)：HecametoshowmehisnewCDplayer.Iwenttheretoseemyteacher.ShecamebacktogetherEnglishbook.Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.(目的)(目的)(目的)（结果）2.用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+todo)Sheaskedmetohelpher.Thet

6、eachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edison’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.wantsbtodowishsbtodogetsbtodoordersbtodofindsbtobelikesbtodowouldlikesbtodohelpsbtodotoo...to太...以致于不能...enoughto足以...Theboxistooheavyformetolift.这个箱子太沉了，我提不动。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到上学的年龄了。特殊用法2)动词+疑问词+todoIdon’tknowwhatt

7、odo.howtodoit/that.(去哪里)(什么时候出发)(选择哪个)WheretogoWhentoleaveWhichonetochoose动词不定式动词不定式作宾语时，若其后面有宾补，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正宾语放在宾补后面句型：主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+动词不定式（短语）。3)动词+it(形式宾语）+宾补+todoIfinditimportanttolearnEnglish我发现很难和他好好相处.我发现在温暖的春天很容易入睡Ifindithardtogetonwellwithhim.Ifindi