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1、气管切开患者的护理Thegastubeiscutopenthepatientcare四川大学华西医院：刘虹运WestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversity:YangLi2013.2.18February18,2013（一）术后护理(a)thepostoperativenursing1、将患者安置于安静、清洁、空气新1,patientswillbeplacedinthequiet,clean,freshairinthewards,鲜的病室内，室温保持在21℃，atroomt
2、emperaturemaintainedat21℃,humiditywasmaintainedat60%,湿度保持在60%，气管套口覆盖2-4层温湿trachealsleeveopeningcoverthetemperatureof2-4纱布，室内经常洒水，或应用湿器，定时wetgauze,indoorregularwatering,ortheapplicationofhumidifier,以紫外线消毒室内空气。timedtoultravioletdisinfectionofindoorair.2
3、、手术之初患者一般取侧卧位，以利In2,operationatthebeginningofthegenerallateraldecubitusposition,inorder于气管内分泌物排出。tofacilitateendotrachealsecretions.但要经常转动体位，防止褥疮并使肺各部分Buttotheregularrotationposition,preventingbedsoreandthelungofeachpartof呼吸运动不致停滞。respiratorymovementn
4、otstagnation.3、备齐急救药品和物品，某些物品应置床头。3,preparefirst-aidmedicinesandarticles,someitemsshouldbeplaced.同号气管套管，气管扩张器，外科手术剪，Thesamenumberoftrachealcannula,trachealdilator,surgicaloperationscissors,止血钳，换药用具与敷料，生理盐水和饱和重碳酸钠液，forceps,dressingappliancesanddressing
5、,salinewaterandsaturatedsodiumbicarbonatesolution,导尿包、吸引器，氧化气筒，呼吸机，urethralcatheterizationbag,suctionpump,oxidation,ventilator,手电筒等都应备齐，并妥为存放，以备急需。flashlightshouldprepare,andproperlystored,forarainyday.4、谨防气管导管引起阻塞：阻塞原因一是气囊滑脱堵塞，4,bewareofthetrachealca
6、theterobstructive:obstructionisablockageairbagspondylolisthesis,二是分泌物粘结成痂阻塞，如突然发生呼吸困难、发绀、病人烦躁不安，twoisbondedintocallussecretionobstruction,suchassuddenonsetofdyspnea,cyanosis,patientrestlessness,应立即将套管气囊一起取出检查。shouldimmediatelycheckoutwiththesleevebag.
7、为预防气囊滑脱，应注意将气囊扎牢固，将线头引出气管切开伤口处，Inordertopreventtheairdetachment,attentionshouldbepaidtotheballoontiedfirmly,willheadouttracheotomywound,并经常牵扯检查是否牢固，及时清除结痂。andofteninvolvecheckwhetherthefirm,thetimelyremovalofincrustation.另外，在更换导管清洗消毒时，防止将棉球纱条遗留在导管内。In
8、addition,inreplacementofthecleaninganddisinfectionoftheconduit,preventcottongauzeleftinthepipe.5、及时吸痰：气管切开的病人，咳嗽排痰困难，5,suctiontime:thepatientstracheotomy,coughandexpectorationdifficulties,应随时清除气道中的痰液，吸痰时要严格遵守操作规程，shouldbekeptclearofairwaysputu
