过程控制第2章演示文稿课件.ppt

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1、ChapterTwoThecharacteristicandtypesofprocesses2.1processcharacteristics2.2Howtoobtainresponsepropertygraphofaprocesswithsomeengineeringexperimentmethod.2.3Therecognitionoftheprocessmodeldependingonobtainedteststepresponsegraph.2.4Thestatisticalmethod2.1processcharacteristics2.1.1Thefirs

2、t-orderlagprocess2.1.2Theintegralorrampprocess2.1.3TheSecond-orderLagProcess2.1.4TheDead-TimeprocessInanycontrolsystem,whethersimplecontrolsystemorcomplicatedcontrolsystemoradvancedcontrolsystem,processisalwaysanimportantpartofacontrolsystem.Thusthecharacteristicofaprocessincludedinacont

3、rolsystemwillinfluencetheperformanceofthecontrolsystem.Inotherwords,thecontrolqualityofcontrolsystemispartlydependedonthecharacteristicofaprocessthatisapartofthecontrolsystem.Itisveryimportanttoobtainthemodelandthecharacteristicofaprocessindesignofacontrolsystemtodesigner.Aprocessoracomp

4、onentischaracterizedbytherelationshipbetweentheinputsignal(themanipulatedvariable)andtheoutputsignalofacontrolsystem(thecontrolledvariable).Itisthisinput/output(I/0)relationshipthatdeterminesthedesignrequirementsofcontroller.IftheI/Orelationshipoftheprocessiscompletelydefined,thedesigner

5、canspecifytheoptimumcontrollerparameters.IftheI/0relationshipispoorlydefined,thedesignermustprovidealargeadjustmentofthecontrollerparameterssothattheoptimumsettingscanbedeterminedduringstart-upofthesystem.Controlsystemengineering,unlikemostotherengineeringdisciplines,isnotconcernedinitia

6、llywithanyparticularsystemorstructure,althoughthetheoriesdevelopedareintendedforapplicationtomanytypesofrealsystems—aircraftcontrol,nuclearreactor,chemicalplants,motors,electronicinstruments,eveneconomicmodels.Themainobjectofcontrolsystemstheoryistoabstractthesalientpropertiesfromaslarge

7、aclassofsystemsaspossibleandthenderiveresultswhichwillbeusefulinthecontrolofallthesystemsintheclass.Themostimportantclass,asfarascontrolengineeringisconcerned,isthatoflinearsystems,mainlybecausethelinearclassismathematicallytractableandcanbeusedtomodelalargevarietyofsyste