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1、英汉翻译实用教程第五讲英译汉（4）英、汉两种语言在语法、句子结构等方面有着很大的差异，在翻译时我们为了使译文通顺流畅，符合译语的表达习惯，我们可以改变原来句子的语序或结构，重新组织句子。一般说来句子有以下几种翻译方法。一、ConversionofWordOrder(语序调整)1)Eventhewildanimalsofhishomeland,itseemedtoKunta,hadmoredignitythanthesecreatures.昆塔觉得，即使他家乡的野兽也比这些人自尊自重。（插入语换序）2)Fromthemomenttheysetfooto
2、ntheterritoryoftheirmotherland,theywerewarmlyreceivedbytheircompatriots.他们从一走上祖国的土地的时刻起，就受到同胞们热情接待。（定语从句换序）3）Cheerful,efficientandwarm-hearted,theywilldoeverythingtomakeyourjourneysmoothandcomfortable.他们乐观、能干、热情，总是想方设法使你一路上顺利舒适。（状语移位，并转变为谓语）4）Bytheendofthewar800peoplehadbeensav
3、edbytheorganization,butatacostofover200BelgianandFrenchlives.大战终了时，这个组织拯救了八百人，但那是以二百多比利时人和法国人的生命为代价。（被动句中把原文中的主语译为译文中的宾语）二、名词从句的翻译(TranslationofEnglishNominalclauses)Englishsubordinateclausesareclassifiedintosixgroups,namely,subjectclause,objectiveclause,predicativeclause,appos
4、itiveclause,attributiveclauseandadverbialclause.Sincethefirstfourofthemfunctionasnounsinacomplexsentence,theyaregenerallycallednominalclauses.Inthissectionwearegoingtofindsomespecificmethodsoftranslatingnominalclauses.Subjectiveclauses:Usuallywewouldliketotranslatenounclauseint
5、hesameorder,thatistosay,toremaintheiroriginalposition.Examples:1)Whathetoldmewasonlyhalf-truth.他告诉我的只是半真半假的东西而已。2)Whateverhesawandheardonhistripgavehimaverydeepimpression.他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。3)Whoevercomestoourpublicreferencelibrarywillbewelcome.什么人到我们公共图书馆来参观都可以。*Whenitfunction
6、sasaformalsubject,thesubjectclausemayeitherprecedeorfollowtheprincipleclause.4)Itdoesn’tmakemuchdifferencewhetherheattendsthemeetingornot.他参不参加会议都没多大关系。5)Itseemedinconceivablethatthepilotcouldhavesurvivedthecrash.驾驶员在飞机坠毁后，竟然还能活着，这看来是不可想象的事。6)Itisstrangethatsheshouldhavefailedt
7、oseeherownshortcomings.真奇怪，她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。ObjectiveClauses:Generallyspeaking,thereisnoneedtochangethepositionoftheobjectclauseintranslation.However,insomecases,when“it”functionsastheformalobjectofacomplexsentence,orsometimes,precededbyapreposition,achangeoforderisnecessary.1)Iund
8、erstandthatheiswellqualified,butIfeelthatheneedsmoreex
