高中英语语法：定语从句课件.ppt

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1、（一）定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词:when,where,why关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。Theboyswhoarepl

2、ayingfootballarefromClassOne.Thosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。Thegirl(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做

3、主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.Thefactorywhichmakescomputersisfarawayfromhere.Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thehousewhichisbythelakelooksnice.Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.Thefilm(which)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.4．that指人时，相当于who或wh

4、om；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?Thepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownal

5、loverthecountry.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.注意：whose指物,指人时，常用下列结构来代替：Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.HeistheprofessorwhosenameisJack.HeistheprofessorthenameofwhomisJack.Theclassroomofw

6、hichthedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.HeistheprofessorofwhomthenameisJack.（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine(which/that)youaskedfor.TomorrowI’llbringherethem

7、agazineforwhichyouasked.Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtennisyesterday.ThemanagerwhosecompanyIworkinpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.Themana