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1、The–ingformastheAttributiveandAdverbial-ing形式作定语和状语GrammarV-ing形式V-ing形式由“do＋ing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前,说明其修饰名词的性质或特征,表示“供作…之用”和“…的”。现在分词作定语awalkingstick(astickusedforwalking)drinkingwater(waterfordrinking)a
2、waitingroom(aroomforwaiting)workingpeopletherisingsun分词是短语形式,应放在所修饰的名词后,相当于一个定语从句。Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.whocomefromseveralcountries.ThreedayslaterIreceivedaletterofferingmethejob.whichofferedmethejob.Thegirlstandingthereismyclassmate.whostandsthereExercise
3、:1.____dogsseldombite.BarkB.TobarkC.BarkedD.Barking2.Thewolfspokeina_____voiceandMr.Dongguofelt______.frightening;frightenedB.frightened;frightenedC.frighten;frighteningD.frightening;frighteningDA3.It’spleasuretowatchthefaceofa____baby.A.asleepB.sleepC.sleepingD.slept4.The___
4、_buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shake5.Thehotel______nowbesidetheparkwasdesignedbyagroupofyoungmen.A.tobebuiltB.beingbuiltC.builtD.buildingCAB6.WhenthefirstsettlersarrivedintheNewWorld,theIndians_______jewellerymadeofanimalbonesgreetedthe
5、mwarmly.A.wearingB.towearC.wornD.havingworn7.Doyouknowtheboy_______theretalkingtoyoursister?A.tobestandingB.stoodC.beingstandingD.standingAD现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语,分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系,否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它的各种形式变化:主动形式被动形式V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed一般式完成式e.g.H
6、earingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.听见铃声,学生们开始走进教室。(听见和进入两个动作同时发生)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.现在正在建造的这栋楼房室我们的新图书馆。(beingbuilt为现在分词的被动形式,表示动作正在进行之中)Havingdonethework,hewenthome.完成了工作,他就回家了。现在分词在句中作状语,修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目
7、的地状语(通常用不定式表目的地状语)。Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Waitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1)表时间状语2)表原因状语Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedid
8、n’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastuden
