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1、英语构词法英语构词法主要有三种：合成、派生与转化。英语构词法种类另外缩写和简写也是构词法的一种。１.合成:有两个或更多的词合成一个词。1.合成名词名词/代词+名词newspaperbloodtestshe-wolf动词+名词typewriterpickpocketdaybreak形容词+名词greenhousehighway副词+名词overcoatoutside名词+v.-ing/v.-ing+名词handwritingreadingroomfreezingpoint动词+副词/副词+动词breakthroughget-
2、togetheroutbreakoutcome名词+介词+名词:sister-in-laweditor-in-chief2.合成形容词名词+形容词/形容词+名词world-famousduty-freelarge-scalelong-term副词+形容词over-anxiousevergreen名词+过去分词man-madesun-burnt名词+现在分词peace-lovingEnglish-speaking形容词+现在分词good-lookingeasy-going副词+过去分词well-informedwidespr
3、ead副词+现在分词hardworkingfar-reaching形容词+名词+edwarm-heartedabsent-minded数词+名词+edthree-leggedten–storied数词+名词one-wayfive–star数词+名词+形容词ten-year-old800-meter-long名词+to+名词face–to-facedoor-to-door3.合成动词名词+动词baby-sitsleepwalk副词+动词outnumberunderestimateoverwork形容词+动词whitewash
4、4.合成副词形容词＋名词meanwhileanyway形容词＋副词everywhereanyhow副词＋副词however介词＋名词beforehandoverhead介词＋副词forever5.合成代词 代词宾格＋self/selvesherselfthemselves物主代词＋self/selvesmyselfyourselves形容词＋名词anythingnothing6.合成介词 副词＋名词insideoutside介词＋副词withoutwithin副词＋介词into2.派生:是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个
5、新词。happy---unhappydevelop---development前缀:一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变化，只有少数能引起词类的变化。mis-错误的+understandv.理解---misunderstandv.误解en+largeadj.大的---enlargev.扩大后缀:一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化。carev.照料---carefuladj.细心的workv.工作---workern.工人常见的前缀(A)表示否定的前缀：un---unfair,unhappynon----nonsmo
6、ker(常用在n.adj.adv.前)in----inactive(常用在adj.后)dis----disagree,disappear,dislikeim----impolite,impossible(用在b,p,m开头的词前)(B).表示错误或失误的前缀:mis---misunderstand,misdirect(误导)(C)表示两个,双边的前缀：bi-bicolor(双色的),bicycle表示相互,交互,在一起的前缀inter—interview,international,internet(E)表示又,再,重新的
7、前缀re—review,return,rewrite(F)表示远的前缀tele–telephone,television常见的后缀1.动词变名词：-tioneducate--education,invite---invitation,predict---prediction-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment-erteacher,worker,runner,singer-orvisitor,sailor,tutor,actor名词后缀补充:-ist(人,名词后缀)science-
8、-scientist,terror--terrorist-ese(民族,语言,名词后缀)Chinese,Japanese2.形容词变名词-nessgood—goodness,happy-happiness,busy-business,care—careless--carelessness-ityable
