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1、史上最长单词antidisestablishmentarianism根据范克和华格若尔斯编的「英语新标准辞」里面的解释,这个字的意思是「反对教会与国家分开学说」。它曾被英国首相格来斯顿1809-1898引述过一次。构词法构词法:合成(Compounding)派生法(Derivation)【前缀/后缀】转化法(Conversion)【词性转换】合成词Compoundpain-killer+=止痛药+=color-blind色盲+=sleep-walk梦游sleep-walker1.合成名词(1)n+nbloodpressureincometaxcreditcard(2)adj+
2、ncentralbankfastfood血压所得税信用卡中央银行快餐(3)v-ing+另一词washingmachinedrivinglicense洗衣机驾驶执照2.合成形容词(1)过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。absent-mindedgrey-haired(2)动词的ing或另一词构成long-sufferingfar-reaching心不在焉的头发灰白的长期受苦的深远的(影响)3.合成动词overeatbaby-sit吃得太多看孩子加前缀:happy---___happy加后缀:develop---develop_______既加前缀又加后缀:employ---____
3、employ_______unmentunment派生词(derivation)派生法(Derivation)---词缀法1.前缀:Pre-(前)Pre-reading,preview,prepayRe-(重新)Rewrite,reconsider,reusedis-(不)disagree,dislike,disappearin/im-(不)informal,impossibleinconvenientmis–(错误或失当)Un-(不)misunderstand,misleadunfairuncorrectedunexpectedforetell,forecastpost–(
4、之后)postwar,post-readingfore-(前,预先)semicircle,semi-finalsemi-(半,部分)antiwar,antisocialanti-(阻止,抗)Non-profitnon-smokerNon-(不是,非)2.常见的后缀1).名词后缀:-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ion请将以下单词和上列相应的后缀相连,组成新词:work,educate,develop,visit,satisfy,teach,sail,ability,piano,art,child,act,brother,solute,conclud
5、e,move,possible-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ionteacher,workervisitor,sailoreducation,satisfactiondevelopment,movementability,possibilitypianist,artistchildhood,brotherhoodaction,solution,conclusion如:-ous-ful-able,-ible-ant,-ent-lessdangerous,humoroushelpful,carefulcomfortable,responsibleim
6、portant,excellenthomelesscareless2).形容词后缀:3).副词性的词缀:-ly-wardsquickly,softly,greatlybackwards,forwards1.转化法(Conversion):是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类。watern.水------watervt.浇水常见的转化形式两种:动词---名词名词---动词动词----名词stopvt.停止---n.车站lovevt.爱---n.爱Watchvt.观看---n.手表recordvt.录音---n.纪录combvt.梳理(头发)---n.梳子abusevt.辱骂---n.
7、辱骂名词----动词handn.手---vt.上交seatn.座位---vt.坐nursen.护士---vt.护理oiln.油---vt.上油timen.时间---vt.定时,测时shouldern.肩膀---vt.肩负缩写和简写:缩写和简写(也被称为截断法或缩短法)主要采取:“截头”, “去尾”或者“既截头又去尾”的方法生成新词.telephone---phoneairplane—planelaboratory-labmathematics--mathadvertisement—adexaminati