热能与动力工程专业英语翻译 .doc

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1、5.1BoilerandItsDevelopment5.1锅炉及其发展【一】1Thesteamgeneratingsystem,frequentlycalledtheboiler,isasystemthattransferstheheatfromtheproductsofcombustiontowaterandproduceshotwaterorsteam.【一】1蒸汽发生系统，经常称为锅炉，是一个将燃烧产物的热量传递给水并产生的热水或蒸汽的系统。2Thecombustionisaccomplishedinafurnace.2燃烧是在炉膛中完成的。3Heatistransfer

2、redinthefurnacemainlybyradiationtowater-cooledwalls,whichconstitutestheevaporationsectionofthesteamgenerationsystem.3在炉膛中热量主要是通过水冷壁的辐射来传递的，这就构成了蒸汽生成系统中的蒸发部分。4Afterleavingthefurnace,thegasespassthroughasuperheaterinwhichsteamreceivesheatfromthegasesandhasitstemperaturerisenabovethesaturationt

3、emperature.4在离开炉膛之后，气体通过过热器，蒸汽从气体中获得热量，其温度上升到饱和温度以上，5Sincethetemperatureofthegasesleavingthesuperheatersectionisstillhigh,modernsteamgeneratorsoftenemployadditionalheattransfersurfacestoutilizethethermalenergyofthegases.5由于气体离开过热器的温度仍然很高，现代蒸汽发生器通常采用附加的传热表面，以利用气体的热能，6Theseincludethesurfacesof

4、reheaters,economizers,andairpreheaters.6这些表面包括再热器，省煤器和空气预热器。【二】7Boilersmaybeclassifiedintothreecategoriesaccordingtotheirapplications.【二】7根据锅炉的用途可以分为三类，8Theseincludeindustrial,marine,andcentralelectricpowerstation.8其中包括工业，航海和集中电站。9Generally,theindustrialboilersproducesaturatedsteamorhotwater

5、.9一般情况下，工业锅炉产生饱和蒸汽或热水。10Thepressureconditionisfrequentlylow.10压力条件通常较低。11Themarineboilersaremuchlargerandusuallyproducesuperheatedsteam.11航海锅炉更大，通常会产生过热蒸汽。12Theboilersforelectricpowergenerationstationsarequitedifferentintermsofsteamconditionsandgenerationrates.12电厂的锅炉就蒸汽参数和生产率来说是完全不同的。13Thes

6、teampressuremaybeeithersupercriticalorsubcriticalandthetemperatureisfrequentlyaround538℃.13蒸汽压力可以是超临界或亚临界状态，温度通常在538℃左右。【三】14Boilersmayalsobeclassifiedaccordingtotherelativepositionsofproductsofcombustion.【三】14锅炉也可以根据燃烧产物的相对位置进行分类。15Inonetypeboiler,calledthefire-tubeboiler,theproductsofcombu

7、stionflowthroughtubessurroundedbywater.15一种类型称为火管锅炉，燃烧产物走管，周围走水。16Thistypeofboilerisfrequentlyusedinmoststeamlocomotives,insmallfactories,andsometimes,inheatingbuildings.16在这种类型的锅炉通常用于大多数蒸汽机车、小型工厂，有时也用于室内采暖。17Inanothertypeofboiler,calledthewater-tu