专四语法分类总复习.ppt

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1、专四语法总结I.主谓一致意义一致和就近原则连词notonly...butalso/neither...nor/or/either...or/not...butNotonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherisenjoyingthefilm.EitherheorIamright.副词here/thereHerearemyrepliestoyourquestions.Thereisanapple,twobananasandsomeorangesontheplates.2.以－s结尾的名

2、词做主语的主谓一致疾病名词：单数：arthritis关节炎,bronchitis支气管炎，rickets软骨病，mumps腮腺炎，diabetes糖尿病可作单数也可作复数：rickets软骨病，measles麻疹游戏名称一般做单数，表示游戏所用镖等意义时用复数Darts投镖，marbles打弹子游戏Cards用复数：Cardsarenotallowedhere.地理名称国名用单数群山、海峡、瀑布用复数TheHimalayashaveamagnificentvarietyofplantandanimalli

3、fe.Scissors,glasses,shorts,trousers一类词单独使用用复数，加上单位词，如apairof由单位词单、复数决定－ings结尾的名词一般用复数Theclippingsofthehedgesareusuallyburnt.特例Theonlymeanstoachievesuccessistoappealtoarms.Allmeanshavebeentriedouttoincreaseagriculturalproduction.3.集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词

4、集体名词，如：police,people,cattle,militia民兵,poultry家禽等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domesticcattleprovideuswithmilk,beefandhides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage叶子,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：AllthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinChina.

5、3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience,committee,class,crew,family,public,government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。Thecitycouncilismeetingtosetitsagenda.4)acommittee,etc.of+复数名词如果主语是由“acommitteeof/apanelof/aboardof+复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：Acommitteeoffivemenandthreewome

6、nistoconsiderthematter.4.并列结构作主语时的主谓一致Eggandmilkisagoodbreakfast.(这里的鸡蛋和牛奶都指一顿早饭，不可分割)Fishandchips(炸鱼土豆片)isapopularsupperhere.当and连接的并列名词词组带有each,every或者manya等限定词时，随后动词常用单数Manyamanandwomaninthiscommunityfindshimselforherselfinneed.Everyboyandgirlinthecla

7、ssisgivenacopyofthephoto.主语后跟有由asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,aswellas,inadditionto,with,alongwith,togetherwith,except等引导的结构或词组，取决于主语本身形式。5.表示数量的名词短语作主语主语是“分数/百分数+of+名词”，动词的形式取决于中心名词的单复数形式。e.g.Twothirdsofthecitywasdestroyedinthewar.Thirty-fiveper

8、centofthedoctorswerefemale.anumberof+名词复数，动词用复数。thenumberof+名词，动词用单数。e.g.Agreatnumberofstudentshaveenteredforthesportsmeeting.Thenumberofstudentshasdoubledintwoyears.表示时间和度量的名词短语通常作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式e.g.Twentyminutes