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时间:2020-06-18
《高中英语-句子成分讲解.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、句子成分英语的基本成分有八种:主语(subject)谓语(predicate)宾语(object)表语(predicative)定语(attribute)状语(adverbial)补足语(complement)同位语(appositive)主语:是句子要说明的人或物,说明谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者。名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句皆可做主语。1)Mr.Leeisawell-knownscientist.2)Hereadsnewspaperseveryday.3)Twoandtenistwelve.4)Smokingisharmful
2、tothehealth.5)Toswiminthatpoolisagreatpleasure.6)Whatweshalldonextisnotyetdecided.谓语:说明主语的动作或所处的状态。谓语(predicate)或谓语动词(predicateverb)的位置一般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词)构成。1)Thenewtermbeginsonthe1stofSeptember.2)Iwouldliketoinviteallmyfriendshere.3)Ihavetriedthiswaythreetimes.4)Weshouldpayat
3、tentiontotheEnglishidioms.5)Heisworkinginthegarden.表语:是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词(如be,become)之后,与系动词一起构成复合谓语,说明主语的身份,特征,属性或状态等。单词、短语或从句均可充当表语。1)Wang’sfatherisadoctor.(名词)2)Heisalwayscareless.(形容词)3)Thebasketballmatchison.(副词)4)Allthepupilsareontheplayground.(介词短语)5)Ouraimistowinmoremedals.(不定式)6)Hisworkis
4、teachingFrench.(动名词短语)7)Thequestioniswhocanreallyrepairthemachines.(从句)宾语:表示动作的对象或承受者,一般位于及物动词或介词后面.1)WangLinglentmeanoveltoreadinthebus.(双宾语)2)Themedicineisgoodforthisboy.3)DoyouunderstandwhatImean?4)Mylittlesisteralwayslikestoaskquestions.5)Wouldyoumindcomingearliertomorrow?形式宾语:若宾语是动词不定式,动
5、名词或从句,可用it作形式宾语代替其位置,而将其到宾补之后。Ifounditdifficulttofinishthetaskintime.Doyouconsideritanygoodsendingmorepeoplethere?Wehavemadeitclearthatwedisagreed.WangLinglentmeanoveltoreadinthebus.(双宾语)me间接宾语表示动作是对谁或为谁做的。anovel直接宾语表示动作的直接承受者或结果。定语:是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。①Maryisachemistryteache
6、r.(名词作定语)②Heisourfriend.(代词作定语)③Webelongtothethirdworld.(数词作定语)④Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容词作定语)⑤Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副词作定语)⑥Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介词短语作定语)⑦TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.(现在分词短语作定语)⑧Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(过去分词作定语)⑨Ih
7、aveanideatodoitwell.(不定式作定语)⑩YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定语从句作定语)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。1)Shesingsquitewell.(副词)2)OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom.(介词短语)3)Arrivingthere,callmeup.4)Theboyneedsapentodohishomew
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