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1、名词一、中考考查重点可数名词与不可数名词名词的单数与复数名词所有格4.专有名词的常见的缩写形式名词{专有名词(如:Tom、China、theUnitedStates,January,Monday)可数名词{普通名词{物质名词(如:water水)抽象名词(如:happiness幸福)个体名词(如:teacher教师)集体名词(如:police警察)不可数名{名词的定义:表示人、事物、地方、现象及其他抽象概念名称的名词。cap---capstask---tasksstar---starstree---treeshouse---housesexercise---exerci
2、ses可数名词的复数形式规则变化A.绝大多数名词的复数形式在单数形式后加-SB.以字母x、s、ch、sh结尾的名词在其后加-esbus---busesbox---boxeswatch---watchesdish---dishesclass---classesC.(1)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词需把y变为i再加-esstory—storiesbaby—babiescountry—countriesparty—parties(2)以元音字母+y结尾的名词在后面直接加-sday—daysboy---boystoy---toysE.(1)以元音字母+o结尾的名词,以及某些以o结
3、尾的外来词,变为复数时只加-Sradio—radioszoo---zoosbamboo--bamboosD.以-f或-fe结尾的可数名词,先将f或fe变成v再加-esshelf---shelveslife—livesknife---knivesleaf---leaveswife—wiveshalf—halves特殊:roof---roofs(2)以辅音字母+o结尾的名词变为复数+es,potato---potatoeshero---heroestomato—tomatoes但piano—pianos,photo--photos除外.不规则变化特殊变化:单复同形man
4、mengentlemangentlemenpolicemanpolicemenwomanwomenfootfeettoothteethmousemicechildchildrensheepsheepfishfish/fishesdeerdeerChineseChineseJapaneseJapanese3.表示“某国人”的名词,其变化有三种情况aJapanesefiveJapanese(e.gChinese)aFrenchmantwoFrenchmen(e.gEnglishmanEnglishwomanfishermanpolicemanF
5、renchwoman)aGermanfiveGermans(e.gRussianAmericanIndianItalianKorean)4.常以复数形式出现的名词集体名词:trousersglassesclothespeoplepolice口诀:中日不变英法变,其余把S加后面5.5.复合名词的复数形式a.将主体名词变为复数e.gaboystudentboystudentsaflowershopflowershopsadiningroomdiningroomsbananatree–bananatreesshoefactory–shoefactoriesb.当名词
6、的第一个构成部分为man或woman时,将2个构成部分均变为复数e.gawomanteachertwowomenteachersamannursetwomennurses不可数名词{常见的不可数名词1.drink---coffe,milk,tea…2.food---rice,bread,meat…porridge,tofu,…3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter…4.weather---rain,snow,ice,cloud,wind…5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass,plastic6.Engli
7、sh,Chinese,Japanese,French,German…7.history,maths,science,physics,biology,PE,music,art8.help,confidence,courage,success,danger,safe9.work,homework,teamwork,news,money,advice…物质名词(如:water水)抽象名词(如:happiness幸福)不可数名词数量的表达法:通过改变量词形式的方法来表示不可数名词的量abottleofmilk---twobottlesofmilkapiece