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1、·第二十八篇：ToBeorNottoBe生存还是毁灭TobeornottobeOutsidetheBible,thesesixwordsarethemostfamousinalltheliteratureoftheworld.TheywerespokenbyHamletwhenhewasthinkingaloud,andtheyarethemostfamouswordsinShakespearebecauseHamletwasspeakingnotonlyforhimselfbutalsoforeveryth
2、inkingmanandwoman.Tobeornottobe,toliveornottolive,toliverichlyandabundantlyandeagerly,ortolivedullyandmeanlyandscarcely.Aphilosopheroncewantedtoknowwhetherhewasaliveornot,whichisagoodquestionforeveryonetoputtohimselfoccasionally.Heanswereditbysaying:"Ithink
3、,therefoream."Butthebestdefinitionofexistenceeversawdidanotherphilosopherwhosaid:"Tobeistobeinrelations."Ifthistrue,thenthemorerelationsalivingthinghas,themoreitisalive.Toliveabundantlymeanssimplytoincreasetherangeandintensityofourrelations.Unfortunatelywea
4、resoconstitutedthatwegettoloveourroutine.Butapartfromourregularoccupationhowmucharewealive?Ifyouareinterest-edonlyinyourregularoccupation,youarealiveonlytothatextent.Sofarasotherthingsareconcerned--poetryandprose,music,pictures,sports,unselfishfriendships,p
5、olitics,internationalaffairs--youaredead.Contrariwise,itistruethateverytimeyouacquireanewinterest--evenmore,anewaccomplishment--youincreaseyourpoweroflife.Noonewhoisdeeplyinterestedinalargevarietyofsubjectscanremainunhappy;therealpessimististhepersonwhohasl
6、ostinterest.Baconsaidthatamandiesasoftenashelosesafriend.Butwegainnewlifebycontacts,newfriends.Whatissupremelytrueoflivingobjectsisonlylesstrueofideas,whicharealsoalive.Whereyourthoughtsare,therewillyourlivebealso.Ifyourthoughtsareconfinedonlytoyourbusiness
7、,onlytoyourphysicalwelfare,onlytothenarrowcircleofthetowninwhichyoulive,thenyouliveinanarrowcir-conscribedlife.ButifyouareinterestedinwhatisgoingoninChina,thenyouarelivinginChina~ifyou’reinterestedinthecharactersofagoodnovel,thenyouarelivingwiththosehighlyi
8、nterestingpeople,ifyoulistenintentlytofinemusic,youareawayfromyourimmediatesurroundingsandlivinginaworldofpassionandimagination.Tobeornottobe--toliveintenselyandrichly,merelytoexist,thatdependsonoursel
