资源描述：
《高中英语 Module 1《Our Body and Healthy Habits》cultural corner and task文字素材3 外研版必修2.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、BritishHealthSystemMainPrinciple:"thereshouldbeafree,comprehensivehealthserviceforeveryoneaccordingtoneed,regardlessoftheirincome."OverviewOnemajorcomponentofthehealthandsocialwelfaresystemistheBritishhealthcaresystem.TheBritishhealthcaresystemiscalledtheNationalHealthService(NHS
2、),whichisapubliclyfundedhealthcaresystem.TheNHSwasformedin1946andofficiallywentintoeffectin1948.Thissystemprovidescareintheareasofgeneralpractice,emergency,long-termcare,anddentistry.OnemajorcharacteristicoftheNHSisthatitactuallyemploysthephysiciansandnursesandownsmostofthehospit
3、alsandclinics.TheNHSalsopaysdirectlyforthehealthcareexpenseswithprescriptionsanddentistrybeingthetwoexceptions.IntotaltheNHShasayearlybudgetof?0billionandemployessover1millionpeoplemakingtheNHSoneofthetop5largestemployersoftheworld.TheNHSisdividedinto3maincategories;primarycare,s
4、econdarycare,andtertiarycare.PrimaryCarePrimarycareincludesservicesrenderedbyfamilydoctors,dentists,opticians,pharmacists,midwives,speechtherapists,physiotherapists,chiropodists,dieticians,andcounsellors.Primarycareisthefirststepindiagnosis,treatment,andprevantitivehealthandaccou
5、ntsfor90%ofNHSservices.Prevantitivehealthisamajorcomponentofprimarycarewithemphasisonpreventingheartdisease,stroke,managingasthma,anddiabetes.OftenfamilydoctorsandnursesworktogethertoformaPrimaryCareGroupinacommunity.SecondaryCareSecondarycareisthesecondlineofdefenseanddealswithm
6、oreadvancedservicessuchaselderlycare,maternitycare,pathology,andradiology.Secondarycareisalsoresponsibleforemergencyservicesincludingemergencyroomsandambulanceservices.TertiaryCare-3-TertiaryCareisthelastlineofdefenseanddealswithhighlyspecializedareassuchasorgantransplants,andrar
7、ecancertreatment.Tertiarycareservicescoverabroadgeographicalareaandalsoincludeworldfamoushospitalsandresearchfacilities.TechnologyInrecentyearstherehasbeenalargepushtorenovatetheNHSusingInformationSystems.ThishasleadtotheNationalProgrammeforIT(NPfIT).Howeverthisprogramhasbeenunde
8、rheatforseverebudgetover-runs.Themainpro
