药学英语名词解释整理.doc

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1、药学英语名词解释整理文学1班庄亚勤1、HomeostasisTheprogressofstabilizationoftheinternalenvironmentiscalledhomeostasisandisessentialifthecellsofthebodyaretofunctionnormally.2、Super-infectionItisaninfectionfollowingapreviousinfection,especiallywhencausedbymicroorganismsthatareresistantorhavebecomere

2、sistanttotheantibioticsusedearlier.3、AdversereactionAdversedrugreactionsareunwantedeffectscausedbynormaltherapeuticdose.Thereare5typesofadversedrugreactionshavingbeenproposed.4、TITIreferstotherapeuticindex.Itisacomparisonoftheamountofatherapeuticagentthatcausesthetherapeuticeffec

3、ttotheamountthatcausesdeath(inanimalstudies)ortoxicity(inhumanstudies).ThehigherTIis,thesaferthedrugcanbe.5、LeadcompoundItisachemicalcompoundthathaspharmacologicalorbiologicalactivity.Theleadcompoundisnotintendedtobeusedasaclinicalagent.Itisthestartingpointfromwhichaclinicallyuse

4、fulcompoundcanbedeveloped.6、IndicationsIndicationisthediseasethatacertaindrugcanbeusedfor.ContraindicationContraindicationisthediseasethataparticularmedicineortreatmentshouldnotbausedbecauseitisormightbeharmful.7、LD50Themedianlethaldoseisthedoserequiredtokillthehalfthemembersofat

5、estedpopulationafteraspecifiedtestduration.LD50figuresarefrequentlyusedasgeneralindicatorofasubstance’sacutetoxicity.8、ED50ED50referstoeffectivedosefor50%ofpeoplegivenit.Itiscommonlyusedasameasureofreasonableexpectanceofdrugeffect,butnotnecessarilythedosethataclinicalmightuse.9、D

6、ose-rangestudyItisaclinicaltrialwheredifferentdoseofanagentaretestedagainsteachothertoestablishwhichdoseworksbestoristheleastharmful.Dose-rangestudyistoestimatetheresponsevs.dosegivenastoanalyzetheefficacyandsafetyofthedrug.10、ControlledstudyTherearemanyformsofcontrolledexperimen

7、ts.Arelativelysimpleoneseparatesresearchsubjectsorspecimensintotwogroups:anexperimentalgroupandacontrolgroup.Notreatmentisgiventothecontrolgroup,whiletheexperimentalgroupischangedaccordingtosomekeyvariableofinterestandthetwogroupsareotherwisekeptunderthesamecondition.11、INDA(inve

8、stigationalnewdrugapplication)INDAshould