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1、Thethreesacredwords“duty”,“honor”and“country”reverentlydictatewhatyoushouldbe,whatyoucanbeandwhatyouwillbe.Theyurgeyoutobuildcouragewhencourageseemstofail,toregainfaithwhenthereseemstobelittlecauseforfaith,tocreatehopewhenhopebecomesabandoned.Iamconvincedthatthesewordsteachyoutobeprouda
2、ndunbendinginhonestfailure,buthumbleandgentleinsuccess;nottosubstitutewordsforaction;nottoseekthepathofcomfort,buttofacethestressofdifficultyandchallenge;tolearntostandupinthestorm,buttohavecompassiononthosewhofall;tohaveaheartthatisclean,agoalthatishigh;tolearntolaugh,yetneverforgethow
3、toweep,toreachintothefuture,yetneverneglectthepast;tobeserious,yetnevertakeyourselftooseriously;tobemodestsothatyouwillrememberthesimplicityoftruegreatness,theopenmindoftruewisdom,themeeknessoftruestrength.Inshort,thesewordsteachyoutobebothamilitantfighterandagentleman.Japan’sonceenviab
4、lejoblessratewillsoartodouble-digitlevelsif-----andthewarningisabigone----firmsoptfordrasticWestern-stylelayoffstoboostprofits.WhileJapan’slife-timeemploymentisvisiblyunraveling,manyeconomistsstilldoubtwhetherascenarioofsoaringjoblesswilloccur,giventhateconomicincentivestoslashpayrollsc
5、lashwithsocialandpoliticalpressurestosavejobs.Akinder,gentlerapproachtorestructuringwouldsoftenthesocialinstabilitymanyfearwouldresultfromdoublingthejoblessrate,alreadyatarecordhigh.Criticsbelieveitwouldalsocapgainsinprofitmarginsandstifleeconomicvitality,especiallyintheabsenceofboldste
6、pstoopenthedoortonewgrowthindustries.SomeeconomistsbelievedifferentmethodsofcountingmeanJapan’sjoblessrateisalreadycloseto7percentbyUnitedStatesstandards,notthatfarfromthe7.8percentpeakhitintheUSin1992whenitbegantoemergefromatwo-yearslump.IntroductionBeforewebeganourseriesofdiscussionso
7、nAmericanliterature,asimplestatementabouttheplanofthecourseisinorder.ItisnowacriticalcommonplacethatAmericanliteraturedidnotbeginuntilthe19thcentury.Thereforeweshallbebriefaboutthecolonialperiod,theperiodstretchingroughlyfromthesettlementofAmericaintheearly17thcenturythroughthe
