常见数学公式的英文表达.pdf

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1、17.2.1999/H.VÄaliahoPronunciationofmathematicalexpressionsThepronunciationsofthemostcommonmathematicalexpressionsaregiveninthelistbelow.Ingeneral,theshortestversionsarepreferred(unlessgreaterprecisionisnecessary).1.Logic9thereexists8forallp)qpimpliesq/ifp,thenqp,qpifando

2、nlyifq/pisequivalenttoq/pandqareequivalent2.Setsx2AxbelongstoA/xisanelement(oramember)ofAx2=AxdoesnotbelongtoA/xisnotanelement(oramember)ofAA½BAiscontainedinB/AisasubsetofBA¾BAcontainsB/BisasubsetofAABAcapB/AmeetB/AintersectionBA[BAcupB/AjoinB/AunionBAnBAminusB/thedi®er

3、encebetweenAandBA£BAcrossB/thecartesianproductofAandB3.Realnumbersx+1xplusonex¡1xminusonex§1xplusorminusonexyxy/xmultipliedbyy(x¡y)(x+y)xminusy,xplusyxxoveryy=theequalssignx=5xequals5/xisequalto5x6=5x(is)notequalto51x´yxisequivalentto(oridenticalwith)yx6´yxisnotequivalen

4、tto(oridenticalwith)yx>yxisgreaterthanyx¸yxisgreaterthanorequaltoyx

5、nxtothenth/xtothepowernx¡nxtothe(power)minusnpx(square)rootx/thesquarerootofxp3xcuberoot(of)xp4xfourthroot(of)xpnxnthroot(of)x(x+y)2xplusyallsquared³x´2xoveryallsquaredyn!nfactorialx^xhatx¹xbarx~xtildexixi/xsubscripti/xsu±xi/xsubiXnaithesumfromiequalsonetonai/thesumasiru

6、nsfrom1tonoftheaii=14.Linearalgebrakxkthenorm(ormodulus)ofx¡¡!OAOA/vectorOAOAOA/thelengthofthesegmentOAATAtranspose/thetransposeofAA¡1Ainverse/theinverseofA25.Functionsf(x)fx/fofx/thefunctionfofxf:S!TafunctionffromStoTx7!yxmapstoy/xissent(ormapped)toyf0(x)fprimex/fdashx/

7、the(¯rst)derivativeoffwithrespecttoxf00(x)fdouble{primex/fdouble{dashx/thesecondderivativeoffwithrespecttoxf000(x)ftriple{primex/ftriple{dashx/thethirdderivativeoffwithrespecttoxf(4)(x)ffourx/thefourthderivativeoffwithrespecttox@fthepartial(derivative)offwithrespecttox1@

8、x1@2f2thesecondpartial(derivative)offwithrespecttox1@x1Z1theintegralfromzerotoin¯nity0limthelimitasxapp