西方翻译理论.doc

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1、一．TheNorthAmericanTranslationWorkshop(早期北美翻译学派)Development:①TheNorthAmericanTranslationWorkshopbegantostudythehuman’sbrainfunctioninthetranslation.②Italsoputforwardthenatureandthedefinitionofthetranslation③Itpurposedmanyquestionsaboutepistemologywhichmadeadifferenceinthetranslations

2、tudyandpractice.④Italsodoubtthestandardoftranslationevaluation.⑤ThescholarsinNATWsubvertedmanytraditionaltranslationschoolandexpressiveform.⑥Itbelievedthattranslationisakindofliterarycriticism.Whileopeningupnewperspectives,thegeneralapproachaspracticedintheNorthAmericanTranslationWo

3、rkshopmightbecharacterizedbyatheoreticalnaiveandsubjectivemethodologiesthattendtoreinforcewhatevertheoreticalvaluesindividualtranslatorshold.1.I.A.RichardsRichardsisacritic,linguist,poet,founderofNewCriticism.HeisoftenlabeledasthefatheroftheNewCriticism,largelybecauseoftheinfluenceo

4、fhisfirsttwobooksofcriticaltheory,ThePrinciplesofLiteraryCriticismandPracticalCriticism.Richards’sinitialpremisesremainintact:hestillbelievedthatthefieldconsistsoftextscontainingaprimarybodyofexperiencethatreaderscoulddiscern;withthepropertraining,aconsensuscouldbereachedregardingwh

5、atthatexperiencemightbe.Richards’saimswerethreefold:(1)tointroduceanewkindofdocumentationintocontemporaryAmericanculture;(2)toprovideanewtechniqueforindividualstodiscoverforthemselveswhattheythinkaboutpoetry;(3)todiscoverneweducationalmethods.2.EzraPoundEzraPound’stheoryoftranslatio

6、nfocuseduponthepreciserenderingofdetails,ofindividualwordsandofsingleorevenfragmentedimages;Pound’stheoreticalwritingfallintotwoperiods:anearlyimagistphasethat,whiledepartingfromtraditionalformsoflogic,stilloccasionallycontainedabstractconceptsandimpressions;andasecondlateimagistorv

7、orticistphasethatwasbasedonwordsinactionandluminousdetails;Pound'semphasiswaslessonthe"meaning"ofthetranslatedtextorevenonthemeaningofspecificwords.Instead,heemphasizedtherhythm,diction,andmovementofwords;Poundsupposesthatwecanhaveacreativetranslationbesidesliteraltranslationandfree

8、translation.3.Frede