扬大英国文学简史 复习重点 2012年

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1、英国文学简史复习重点12年PARTONE:EARLYANDMEDIEVALENGLISHLITERATUREChapter1:TheMakingofEnglandAtthesametimeBritainwasinvadedbyswarmsofpirates.TheywerethreetribesfromNorthernEurope:theAngles,SaxonsandJutes.Chapter2:Beowulf《贝奥武甫》ItisBeowulf,thenationalepicofEnglishpeople（民族

2、史诗）FeaturesofBeowulf1.Moststrikingfeature:theuseofalliteration---inalliterativeverse,certainaccented（重读的）wordsinaline,beginwiththesameconsonantsound.(Therearegenerally4accentsinaline,threeofwhichshowalliteration,ascanbeseenfromtheabovequotation.)2.Otherfeatur

3、es:theuseofmetaphorandofunderstatements（隐喻和委婉）Chapter3:FeudalEnglandBestknownEnglishRomance（英国骑士文学代表作）:AdventuresofKingArthurandhisKnightsoftheRoundTable《亚瑟王和他的圆桌骑士》TheClassNatureoftheRomance1.Thethemeofloyaltytokingandlordwasrepeatedlyemphasizedinromance,asl

4、oyaltywasthecorner-stoneofthefeudalmorality,withoutwhichthewholestructureoffeudalismwouldcollapse.2.Theywerecomposedforthenoble,ofthenoble,andinmostcasesbythepoetspatronized（保护，赞助）bythenoble.Chapter5:TheEnglishBalladsThemostimportantdepartmentofEnglishfolklit

5、eratureistheballad.BestrepresentativeofEnglishBallads:TheGesteofRobinHood.《绿林好汉罗宾汉》Chapter6:ChaucerGeoffreyChaucer（拼写）isthefounderofEnglishpoetry.Majorwork:TheCanterburyTales《坎特伯雷故事集》Chaucer’scontributiontoEnglishpoetryliesinthefactthat1.HeintroducedfromFranc

6、etherhymedstanza（节）ofvarioustypes,esp.the“heroiccouplet”（英雄诗双行体）toEnglishpoetry,insteadoftheoldAnglo-Saxonalliterativeverse（头韵体）2.HedidmuchinmakingthedialectofLondonthestandardforthemodernEnglishspeechPARTTWOTHEENGLISHRENAISSANCEChapter1:OldEnglishinTranslati

7、onTheRenaissancesprangfirstinItalyinthe14thcenturyandgraduallyspreadalloverEurope.Twofeaturesarestrikingofthismovement:1.Athirstingcuriosityfortheclassicalliterature2.ThekeeninterestintheactivitiesofhumanityHumanismisthekey-noteofRenaissanceHumanismreflectedt

8、henewoutlookoftherisingbourgeoisclass,whichsawtheworldopeningbeforeit.Accordingthehumanists,bothmanandworldarehinderedonlybyexternalchecks（阻碍）frominfiniteimprovement.Mancouldmouldtheworld