高中英语定语从句复习归纳课件.ppt

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1、定语从句知识结构☆基本概念☆定语：用于修饰、限制名词、代词或先当于名词的短语或句子的成分。在中文中,定语一般放在所修饰的名词或代词之前；而在英文中则不同：单纯的形容词、分词作定语时，放在所修饰词之前；副词、分词短语和从句作定语时，要放在所修饰词之后。例如：那个子高大聪明清秀的男孩是李小明的弟弟。ThattallbrightsmartboyisLiMing'sbrother.孩子们读喜欢读有图片的书Childrenallliketoreadthebookswhichhavepicture.你能回答下面的问题吗？Canyouanswertheseque

2、stionsbellow?一个看到样姿同势的人认为它的意思是钱。Apersonseeingthesamegesturewillthinkitmeansmoney.以为来访的朋友一脸上被吻一下作为问好。Avisitingfriendisgreetedwithakissonthecheek.定语从句是用于修饰名词或代词的从句☆定语从句A限制性定语从句B非限制性定语从句定语从句=｛先行词+关系词+从句｝☆关系词：A关系代词who,whom,whose,that,whichB关系副词when,where,why=（介词+关系代词）☆限制性定语从句是修饰、限

3、制先行词的从句。☆非限制性定语从句是对先行词、句子的部分或整个句子起修饰、限制或补充说明的，从句和主句用逗号的开。☆在限制性定语从句作宾语的关系代词可以省略，但非限制新定语从句则不能省。例如：Allthebooksthathavepictureshavebeensenttothem.Allthebooks,whichhavepictures,havebeensenttothem.Hehasabrotherwhoisadoctor.Hehasabrother,whoisadoctor.Theman(whom)youmetyesterdayisMr.S

4、mithChildrenliketoreadbookswhichhavewonderfulpictures关系代词的用法★Who指人，在定语从句中作主语。Theboywhoisstandingthereismycousin.★whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语（可省）。Theman(whom)youmetyesterdayisMr.SmithTheboy(whom)you’relookingforishiddenbehindthetree.★Whose(=ofwhom+the+nthe+nwhom;ofwhich+n,the+n+ofwhich)指人

5、或指物，作定语。Doyouknowtheboywhosefather(thefatherofwhom/ofwhomthefather)isanengineer.Helivesinahousewhosewindows(thewindowofwhich/ofwhichthewindow)facessouth.★that指人或指物，作主语、宾语（可省）Idon’tknowabouttheman(that)youmentioned.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.★which指物，作主语、宾语（可省）Thepen(which)myun

6、clegavemeismissing.Childrenliketoreadbookswhichhavewonderfulpictures关系副词的用法☆when(=in/on/at+which)修饰表示时间的名词，在定从句中作状语。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)IjoinedtheParty.☆where(=in/on/at+which)修饰表示地点的名词，在定从句中作状语。Thefactorywhere(inwhich)myfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.☆why(=for+w

7、hich)修饰表示原因(reason)的名词，在定从句中作状语。Noneofusknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)Tomwasabsentfromthemeeting.先行词指人时，关系代词用who，而不用that：☆先行词是one,ones,anyone时,宜用who。Onewhohasnothingtofearforoneselfdarestotellthetruth.Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.☆先行词是those时,宜用who。Thosewhowanttoseethefilm

8、signuphere.☆当先行词有较长的后置定语且定语为物时，宜用who。ImetaforeignstudentfromB