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1、SentencesselectedfromTextHowever,Riverasurvivedoneblowafteranother;hisexcellentdefencewasfrightening.Hegrewmoreexperienced.Dannyfoundtheboynotevendaringtocomenearhim.ParticipleasPredicative&asObjectComplementI.作表语(predicative)现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性;过去分词多表示主语所处的状态,e.g
2、.Thenewswasexciting.Thesituationisencouraging.Shelookeddisappointed.Linkverb:appear,seem,get,sound,become,taste,etc.注①:已经成为形容词的分词,可以用very修饰;没有完全成为形容词的分词宜用much或quite,有时也可用verymuch,动词用much修饰。如:I’mveryinterestedinyourstory.He’smuchrespectedbyhisstudents.注②:过去分词作表语时,应
3、注意与被动结构的区别。系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点;被动结构强调谓语动作,指主语所承受的动作。系表结构:a.常用一般现在或一般过去时态;b.一般不带状语;c.可以有不及物动词的过去分词。被动结构:a.有多种时态,常与主动语态的时态一致;b.可以带时间、方式或by短语作状语;c.必须是及物动词。Thesmallvillageissurroundedbytrees.(状态)Thesmallvillagewassoonsurroundedbyenemysoldiers.(动作)I’minterestedinchess
4、.Iwasinterestedbywhatyoutoldme.作宾语补足语(objectcomplement):两类动词可以加分词作宾补1)感官动词:feel,listento,hear,lookat,see,watch,notice,observe,smell,find2)使役动词:have,make,keep,get,leave,set,send,start,etc①现在分词做宾语补足语,如:I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.Icouldfeelthecoldwindblowingo
5、nmyface.Hetriedtostarttheenginerunning.注:现在分词做宾语补足语表示动作与谓语同时发生或正在进行,强调动作过程。作宾语补足语(objectcomplement):②过去分词做宾语补足语,如:HewatchedtheTVsetcarriedoutoftheroom.WhenyouspeakEnglish,besuretomakeyourselfunderstood.You’dbetterhaveyourshoesmended.注:过去分词做宾语补足语表示动作完成结果,并有被动意义。③现在
6、分词做宾语补足语时,与宾语有着逻辑上的主谓关系,宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动作;过去分词做宾语补足语时,与宾语有着动宾关系,宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者,如:Hesawanoldmangettingonthebus.Anoldmanwasgettingonthebus.IonceheardthissongsunginJapanese.ThissongwasoncesunginJapanese.Idon’twantthechildrentakenoutinsuchweather.Thechildrenweretaken
7、outinsuchweather.with+宾语+宾补的结构Withallmyjobfinished,Ibegantoplanformyholiday.Thestudentsweresittingintheclassroomwiththeireyesfixedontheteachers.Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.subject++object+感官动词使役动词不定式->主动做某事或者经常做某事现在分词->正在做某事一直做某事过去分词->已经被做不定式、分词作宾语补足语的区别:Ihad
8、myfatherrepairmywatch.Motherhadmedoingthehomeworkthewholemorning.Ihadmyhaircut.(均指宾语)1.Shelikestohaveanapintheroomwiththedoor______.A.closeB.closingC.cl